Na'urar tsarkake iskar gas ta hydrogen sulfide

Gabatarwa

Tare da ci gaban al'ummarmu, muna ba da shawarar samar da makamashi mai tsafta, don haka buƙatar iskar gas a matsayin makamashi mai tsafta yana ƙaruwa. Duk da haka, a cikin tsarin amfani da iskar gas, rijiyoyin gas da yawa galibi suna ɗauke da sinadarin hydrogen sulfide, wanda zai haifar da tsatsa na kayan aiki da bututun mai, gurɓata muhalli da kuma sanya lafiyar ɗan adam cikin haɗari. Tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, amfani da fasahar rage iskar gas mai yawa ya magance waɗannan matsalolin, amma a lokaci guda, farashin tsarkake iskar gas da magani ya ƙaru daidai gwargwado.

Ƙa'ida

Tsarin cire sulfurization na ƙwayoyin halitta (wanda kuma ake kira desulfurization) skid, wanda kuma ake kira molecular sieve sweeting skid, muhimmin abu ne a cikin aikin tsarkake iskar gas ko aikin sanyaya iskar gas.

Sifet ɗin ƙwayoyin halitta wani lu'ulu'u ne na ƙarfe mai alkali wanda ke da tsarin kwarangwal da kuma tsarin microporous iri ɗaya. Yana da mai sha mai kyau tare da kyakkyawan aiki, ƙarfin sha mai yawa da zaɓin sha. Da farko, akwai tashoshi da yawa waɗanda ke da girman ramuka iri ɗaya da ramuka da aka shirya da kyau a cikin tsarin sifet ɗin ƙwayoyin halitta, wanda ba wai kawai yana ba da babban yanki na saman ba, har ma yana iyakance shigar ƙwayoyin da suka fi ramuka girma; Na biyu, saman sifet ɗin ƙwayoyin halitta yana da babban polarity saboda halayen layin ionic, don haka yana da babban ƙarfin sha don ƙwayoyin da ba su cika ba, ƙwayoyin pola da ƙwayoyin polarisable. Ruwa da hydrogen sulfide ƙwayoyin polaris ne, kuma diamita na ƙwayoyin halitta ya fi ƙanƙanta da diamita na sifet ɗin ƙwayoyin halitta. Lokacin da iskar gas mai ɗauke da ruwan ganowa ta ratsa ta gadon sifet ɗin ƙwayoyin halitta a zafin ɗaki, ana shanye ruwan ganowa da hydrogen sulfide, Don haka, abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa da hydrogen sulfide a cikin iskar abinci suna raguwa, kuma an cimma manufar bushewa da desulfurization. Tsarin shaye-shaye na sieve na kwayoyin halitta ya haɗa da shaye-shaye na capillary da shaye-shaye na zahiri wanda ƙarfin van der Waals ke haifarwa. A cewar lissafin Kelvin, shaye-shaye na capillary yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki, yayin da shaye-shaye na zahiri tsari ne na exothermic, kuma shaye-shayensa yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki kuma yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar matsin lamba; Saboda haka, tsarin shaye-shaye na sieve na kwayoyin yawanci ana yin sa ne a ƙananan zafin jiki da babban matsin lamba, yayin da ake yin sake fasalin nazari a babban zafin jiki da raguwar matsin lamba. A ƙarƙashin aikin iskar gas mai zafi, mai tsabta da ƙarancin matsin lamba, mai shaye-shaye na sieve na kwayoyin halitta yana sakin adsorbate a cikin micropore zuwa cikin kwararar iskar gas mai sabuntawa har sai adadin adsorbate a cikin mai shaye-shaye ya kai matakin ƙasa. Hakanan yana da ikon shaye-shaye ruwa da hydrogen sulfide daga iskar gas, yana fahimtar tsarin sake farfaɗowa da sake farfaɗo da sieve.

Tsarin fasaha

An nuna tsarin tafiyar a cikin zane. Na'urar ta ɗauki tsarin hasumiya guda uku, hasumiya ɗaya don shaƙa, hasumiya ɗaya don sake farfaɗowa da hasumiya ɗaya don sanyaya. Lokacin da iskar gas ɗin ciyarwa ta shiga na'urar, zafin iskar gas ɗin ciyarwa yana raguwa ta hanyar na'urar da ke sanyaya, sannan a cire ruwan kyauta ta hanyar mai rabawa na coalescence, sannan a shiga hasumiyar desulfurization ta sieve ta kwayoyin a-801, a-802 da a-803. Ana shaƙa ruwa da hydrogen sulfide a cikin iskar abinci ta sieve ta kwayoyin don cimma tsarin shaƙa da bushewar hydrogen sulfide. Iskar gas mai tsabta don cire bushewa da cire hydrogen sulfide yana shiga matatar ƙurar iskar gas ta samfurin don cire ƙurar sieve ta kwayoyin kuma ana fitar da ita azaman iskar samfurin.

Sifetin ƙwayoyin halitta yana buƙatar sake farfaɗowa bayan ya sha wani adadin ruwa da hydrogen sulfide. Wani ɓangare na iskar gas ɗin samfurin ana fitar da shi daga iskar gas ɗin samfurin bayan tace ƙura a matsayin iskar sake farfaɗowa. Bayan an dumama iskar gas zuwa 270 ℃ a cikin tanderun dumama, ana dumama hasumiyar a hankali zuwa 270 ℃ daga sama zuwa ƙasa ta cikin hasumiyar desulfurization ta kwayoyin halitta wadda ta kammala aikin sha, ta yadda ruwa da hydrogen sulfide da ke sha a kan sife ɗin kwayoyin halitta za a iya warware su su zama iskar sake farfaɗowa mai wadata kuma su kammala aikin sake farfaɗowa.

Iskar gas mai ƙarfi bayan ta bar hasumiyar sabuntawa ta shiga cikin na'urar sanyaya iskar gas ta sabuntawa don sanyaya ta zuwa kusan digiri 50 na Celsius, sannan a sanyaya iskar gas ɗin sannan a kai ta kan bututun walƙiya.

Ana buƙatar sanyaya hasumiyar sieve ta ƙwayoyin halitta bayan sake farfaɗowa. Domin a sake farfaɗowa gaba ɗaya da kuma amfani da makamashin zafi, ana fara amfani da iskar sake farfaɗowa a matsayin iskar gas mai hura sanyi, kuma ana sanyaya hasumiyar zuwa kimanin 50 ℃ daga sama zuwa ƙasa ta hasumiyar sieve ta ƙwayoyin halitta wadda ta kammala aikin sake farfaɗowa. A lokaci guda, ana sanyaya ta da kanta. Bayan iskar gas mai hura sanyi ta fita daga hasumiyar sanyaya, tana shiga cikin tanderun dumama gas mai hura don dumamawa, sannan ta sake farfaɗowa hasumiyar sieve ta ƙwayoyin halitta a matsayin iskar sake farfaɗowa mai laushi. Na'urar tana canzawa kowace awa 8.

Sigar Zane