Mun kammala aikin samar da kuma isar da bikin isar da kayan aikin samar da iskar hydrogen mai wadataccen methane na Sinopec mai karfin 300Nm3/h cikin nasara. A nan ina so in gabatar da takaitaccen bayani game da tsarin samar da hydrogen daga iskar gas.
Tare da ƙaruwar amfani da makamashi, neman sabbin makamashi ya zama muhimmin aiki. A matsayinsa na makamashi mafi yuwuwa, hydrogen yana da hanyoyi daban-daban, kusan babu gurɓataccen iska, ingantaccen amfani da shi da kuma damar amfani da shi. Samar da hydrogen daga iskar gas na iya rage matsalar makamashi ta China zuwa wani mataki kuma yana ƙara haɓaka sauyin tsarin amfani da makamashi na China.
Wannan takarda za ta mayar da hankali kan ƙa'idar samar da hydrogen daga iskar gas, tsari da fasahar samar da hydrogen daga iskar gas, rarrabuwar fasahar samar da hydrogen daga iskar gas da kuma lissafin farashin samar da hydrogen daga iskar gas.
1 Ka'ida da tsarin samar da hydrogen daga iskar gas
1.1Ka'idar samar da hydrogen daga iskar gas
Ka'idar tsarin samar da hydrogen na iskar gas ita ce a fara sarrafa iskar gas kafin a fara amfani da ita, sannan a mayar da methane da tururi zuwa carbon monoxide da hydrogen a cikin mai gyara, sannan a mayar da carbon monoxide zuwa carbon dioxide da hydrogen a cikin hasumiyar juyawa bayan an dawo da zafi mai shara. Tushen wannan fasahar aiwatarwa an cimma ta ne bisa fasahar canza tururi na iskar gas ta halitta. A cikin hasumiyar juyawa, ana sarrafa zafin amsawar a gaban mai kara kuzari, kuma carbon monoxide a cikin iskar gas mai juyawa yana amsawa da ruwa don samar da hydrogen da carbon dioxide.
A ƙarƙashin matsin lamba da zafin jiki mai dacewa, alkanes a cikin iskar gas za su fuskanci jerin halayen sinadarai don samar da iskar gas mai juyawa. Bayan iskar gas mai juyawa ta ratsa ta na'urar PAS wacce ke da sinadarai daban-daban a ƙarƙashin sarrafawa ta atomatik, hasumiyar shaƙar carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide da sauran ƙazanta za su shaƙe ta, kuma za a aika hydrogen zuwa na'urar da ke cinye iskar gas don shaƙewa da ƙazanta. Bayan shaƙewa, ana iya aika iskar gas mai nazari zuwa tanderun juyawa azaman mai, kuma ana iya sake farfaɗo da mai.
Babban dabarar amsawar ita ce kamar haka:
Iskar gas da ruwa suna amsawa a zafin 800 ~ 900 ℃ da kuma sinadarin nickel oxide wanda ke kara kuzari wajen samar da carbon monoxide da hydrogen.
Tsarin amsawar shine: CH4 + H2O → CO + H2-Q
Carbon monoxide da ruwa suna amsawa a zafin digiri 300-400 na Celsius tare da mai kara kuzari na feric oxide don samar da carbon dioxide da hydrogen.
Tsarin amsawar shine: CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 + Q
Bugu da ƙari, buƙatun fasahar fasaha masu dacewa a cikin tsarin shiri sune kamar haka:
Matsi gabaɗaya shine 1.5 ~ 2.5 MPa, kuma yawan amfani da iskar gas shine 0.4 ~ 0.5 m3 / m3 hydrogen; Lokacin aiki: > 8000h; Ma'aunin masana'antu: 1000 m3 / H ~ 100000 m3 / h.
1.2 Tsarin samar da iskar gas ta halitta ta hanyar hydrogen
Tsarin samar da hydrogen na iskar gas ya ƙunshi matakai guda huɗu: kafin a fara amfani da iskar gas, sauya tururi na iskar gas, canza carbon monoxide da tsarkake hydrogen.
Mataki na farko shine matakin farko na maganin kayan da aka yi amfani da su. Maganin farko a nan galibi yana nufin kawar da iskar gas mai danshi. A cikin aikin ainihin aikin, ana amfani da sinadarin zinc oxide na iskar gas mai danshi na cobalt molybdenum a matsayin mai cire sulfur don canza sulfur na halitta a cikin iskar gas zuwa sulfur mara tsari sannan a cire shi. Guduwar iskar gas mai danshi da aka yi wa magani a nan tana da girma, don haka ana iya amfani da tushen iskar gas mai matsin lamba mai yawa ko kuma ana iya la'akari da babban gefe yayin zaɓar matse iskar gas.
Mataki na biyu shine canza tururi na iskar gas. Ana amfani da sinadarin nickel a cikin na'urar gyara don canza alkanes a cikin iskar gas zuwa iskar gas mai ɗauke da manyan abubuwan da ke cikin carbon monoxide da hydrogen.
Sannan, ana canza carbon monoxide zuwa ga tururin ruwa a gaban mai kara kuzari don samar da hydrogen da carbon dioxide don samun iskar gas mai juyawa wanda manyan abubuwan da ke cikinsa sune hydrogen da carbon dioxide. Dangane da yanayin zafi daban-daban na juyawa, ana iya raba tsarin juyawar carbon monoxide zuwa nau'i biyu: canjin zafin jiki na matsakaici da kuma canjin zafin jiki mai girma. Zafin juyawar zafin jiki na babban zafi yana da kusan 360 ℃, kuma tsarin juyawar zafin jiki na matsakaici yana da kusan 320 ℃. Tare da haɓaka matakan kariya na fasaha, an ɗauki tsarin matakai biyu na juyawar carbon monoxide mai girma da kuma juyawar ƙarancin zafin jiki a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wanda zai iya ƙara adana amfani da albarkatu. Duk da haka, idan abun da ke cikin carbon monoxide a cikin iskar gas mai juyawa bai yi yawa ba, za a iya ɗaukar juyawar zafin jiki na matsakaici kawai.
Mataki na ƙarshe shine tsarkake hydrogen. Yanzu tsarin tsarkake hydrogen da aka fi amfani da shi shine tsarin PAS, wanda aka fi sani da tsarin tsarkakewa da rabuwa na PSA. Wannan tsarin yana da ƙarancin amfani da makamashi, tsari mai sauƙi da kuma yawan samar da hydrogen. A mafi girma, tsarkin hydrogen zai iya kaiwa kashi 99.99%.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-11-2021