A cikin kowace hanyar masana'antu ta samar da syngas, hanya ce mai mahimmanci don amfani da ci gaban amsawar canjin iskar gas ta ruwa don canza CO2 zuwa hydrogen.
Wannan amsawar amsawar amsawar yanayi ce mai juyewa. Mafi girman zafin jiki, haka nan kuma raguwar canjin daidaiton da ya dace. A lokaci guda, wannan amsawar ...
A matakin farko na amsawar, tsarin bai kai ga iyakar daidaito ba kuma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar kinetics. Ƙara zafin jiki na iya inganta yawan amsawar sosai da kuma inganta ingancin aikin. A matakin ƙarshe na amsawar, sauyawar aikin yana iyakance ta hanyar daidaiton thermodynamic. Canjin daidaiton thermodynamic a babban zafin jiki yana da ƙarancin yawa. Saboda haka, a matakin ƙarshe na amsawar, ya kamata a ɗauki aikin ƙananan zafin jiki don inganta juyawar CO. Halayen thermodynamic da kinetic na aikin sun tabbatar da cewa tsarin juyawar CO ya kamata ya ɗauki aikin zafin jiki mai canzawa.
A matakin farko na amsawar, tsarin bai kai ga iyakar daidaito ba kuma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar kinetics. Ƙara zafin jiki na iya inganta yawan amsawar sosai da kuma inganta ingancin aikin. A matakin ƙarshe na amsawar, sauyawar aikin yana iyakance ta hanyar daidaiton thermodynamic. Canjin daidaiton thermodynamic a babban zafin jiki yana da ƙarancin yawa. Saboda haka, a matakin ƙarshe na amsawar, ya kamata a ɗauki aikin ƙananan zafin jiki don inganta juyawar CO. Halayen thermodynamic da kinetic na aikin sun tabbatar da cewa tsarin juyawar CO ya kamata ya ɗauki aikin zafin jiki mai canzawa.
Saboda takaita daidaiton amsawar, kodayake CO yana canzawa sosai bayan canjin iskar gas mai ƙarancin zafi, har yanzu abun cikinsa yana kusan kashi 1%, wanda ba zai iya biyan buƙatun amfani da shi na ayyuka da yawa masu zuwa ba. A cikin masana'antu, yawanci ana cire shi ta hanyar wasu halayen sinadarai. Zaɓaɓɓen iskar oxygen na CO da O2 a gaban babban adadin hydrogen yana samar da CO2, kuma hydrogen da O2 suma suna da sauƙin amsawa. Saboda haka, tsarin ya dogara ne kawai akan zafin amsawar da nau'in mai kara kuzari [29301].
Wani tsari na masana'antu kuma shine hydrogenation na CO tare da babban adadin hydrogen da ke akwai kai tsaye akan mai haɓaka nickel don samar da methane.
Bayan canza iskar gas ta ruwa da kuma cire CO2, manyan sassan iskar gas sun zama H2 da CO2. A cikin masana'antar ammonia ta roba, ana buƙatar a raba CO2 da farko. Waɗannan CO2 na iya ci gaba da amsawa da ammonia da hydrogen ya samar a sashe na gaba don samar da ammonia bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate ko urea da sauran takin sinadarai don cimma matsakaicin amfani da CO2. A cikin wannan tsari, fasahar raba CO2 da H2 galibi ita ce tabbatar da cewa ana iya sake amfani da CO2.
Don aikace-aikacen hydrogen kamar ƙwayoyin mai na membrane na proton, hydrogen ne kawai ake amfani da shi maimakon CO2. CO2 yana zama hayaki mara amfani, wanda ƙila ana buƙatar haɗa shi da wasu hanyoyin ma'adinai (kamar samar da sinadarin calcium carbonate mai darajar abinci).
Duk da haka, a cikin dukkan hanyoyin rabuwar CO2, hanya ce mafi kyau ta amfani da amine na halitta ko methanol don shan CO2. Musamman a cikin tsarin sha CO2 ta methanol a ƙananan zafin jiki, narkewar iskar gas da yawa zai yi girma a ƙananan zafin jiki. Narkewar hydrogen kawai ba a iyakance shi da zafin jiki ba, kuma ƙasa da zafin jiki, ƙasa da narkewar. Yana nuna kyakkyawan zaɓi don rabuwar H2.
A cikin tsarin dawo da CO2, bisa ga manufar guje wa lalacewar yawan sinadarin hydrogen, yi ƙoƙarin guje wa amfani da sinadarai masu tsada (kamar su soda mai tsami) waɗanda za su iya haɗuwa sosai da CO2, don tabbatar da tattalin arzikin aikin.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-10-2021