Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don tsara hanyoyin na'urori daban-daban don sarrafa iskar gas ko kuma kula da masana'antar iskar gas. Ga yadda tsarin iskar gas ɗin yake ga rijiyoyin iskar gas marasa alaƙa. Yana nuna yadda ake sarrafa iskar gas ɗin da ba a yi wa magani ba zuwa iskar gas don siyarwa wanda ake jigilar shi zuwa kasuwar masu amfani ta hanyar bututun mai. Ruwan iskar gas na halitta (NGL): propane, butane da C5+ (wannan kalma ce ta gama gari don pentane da babban nauyin ƙwayoyin halitta). Asalin iskar gas ɗin yawanci ana tattara shi ne daga rukunin rijiyoyin da ke kusa kuma ana fara sarrafa shi a cikin akwati mai rabawa a wurin tattarawa zuwa cire ruwan ruwa kyauta (cire ruwa daga iskar gas) da kuma iskar gas. Yawanci ana aika ruwan condensate zuwa matatar, kuma ana kula da ruwan kuma ana kula da shi azaman ruwan shara.
Sannan, ana jigilar iskar gas zuwa wurin tace iskar gas ta hanyar bututun mai, inda tsarkakewar farko yawanci take zuwa cire iskar acid (hydrogen sulfide da carbon dioxide). Saboda jerin ayyuka da iyakokin muhalli na tsarin amine, sabbin fasahohin da suka dogara da amfani da membranes na polymer don raba carbon dioxide da hydrogen sulfide daga rafukan iskar gas na halitta sun sami karɓuwa sosai. Membrane yana da kyau saboda baya cinye reagents. Ana cire iskar acid (idan akwai) ta hanyar membrane ko maganin amine, sannan a aika shi zuwa sashin dawo da sulfur, wanda ke canza hydrogen sulfide a cikin iskar acid zuwa elemental sulfur ko sulfuric acid. Daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su don waɗannan canzawa, tsarin Claus shine mafi shaharar hanyar dawo da elemental sulfur, yayin da tsarin hulɗa na gargajiya da WSA (tsarin sulfuric acid mai rigar) sune fasahar da aka fi amfani da ita don dawo da sulfuric acid. Ana iya magance ƙaramin adadin iskar acid ta hanyar ƙonewa.
Iskar da ta rage daga tsarin Claus yawanci ana kiranta da iskar wutsiya, sannan a yi amfani da iskar a cikin sashin maganin iskar wutsiya don dawo da sinadarin sulfur da ya rage sannan a sake amfani da shi zuwa sashin Claus. Hakazalika, akwai hanyoyi da yawa da za a iya amfani da su don magance iskar wutsiya ta sashin Claus. Saboda wannan dalili, tsarin WSA shi ma ya dace sosai saboda yana iya gudanar da maganin dumama kai tsaye akan iskar wutsiya.
Mataki na gaba na masana'antar sarrafa iskar gas shine amfani da sha mai sabuntawa a cikin ruwa triethylene glycol (TEG), wanda aka fi sani da bushewar ethylene glycol, delicaccent chloride desiccant, ko na'urar shaƙar matsi (PSA) ta amfani da mai shaƙar solid adsorbent don shaƙar mai sabuntawa don cire tururin ruwa daga iskar gas. Sauran sabbin hanyoyin, kamar rabuwar membrane, suma ana iya la'akari da su.
Sannan ana cire Mercury ta amfani da tsarin shaye-shaye kamar carbon mai aiki ko sieve na kwayoyin halitta mai sabuntawa.
Ko da yake ba abu ne da aka saba gani ba, wani lokacin ana amfani da ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyi uku don cirewa da ƙin nitrogen:
- Tsarin ƙarancin zafin jiki (na'urar cire nitrogen) yana amfani da na'urar distillation mai ƙarancin zafin jiki. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya gyara tsarin don dawo da helium.
- A cikin tsarin sha, ana amfani da man gyada ko wani sinadari na musamman a matsayin mai sha.
- Tsarin shaƙatawa yana amfani da sieve na carbon ko molecular da aka kunna a matsayin mai shaƙatawa. Amfanin wannan hanyar na iya zama iyakance saboda ana cewa yana haifar da asarar butane da hydrocarbons masu nauyi.
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Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-17-2024