Ko te pūnaha tukanga o te tipu LNG kei roto:
● Hau whāngai wehenga tātari, te waeine whakahaere me te ine pēhanga;
● Wāhanga pēhanga hau whāngai
● Wāhanga maimoatanga-mua (tae atu ki te wāhanga whakakore waikawa, te haumatewai te tango i te waeine me te warowaihā taumaha, te tango i te konukōre me te puehu);
● Te waeine whakataurite MR me te waeine huringa kōpeketanga MR;
●Wāhanga wairewa LNG (tae atu ki te waeine denitrification);
1) Hei wahie ma, ka mimitihia, ka whakamahia hoki e ngā tāngata o te tāone nui, he āhuatanga haumaru, he whai wāhitanga, he tere, he iti hoki te parahanga.
2) Whakamahia hei wahie waka rerekē. Mā te whakamahi i te LNG hei wahie mō ngā miihini motuka, me whakarerekē noa te miihini kia tika. Ehara i te mea he haumaru, he pono hoki te whakahaere, engari he iti hoki te haruru me te iti o te parahanga. Ina koa i roto i ngā ture tukunga tino kaha o ēnei rā, kua tino pai ake ngā tukunga hau o ngā waka e whakakīia ana ki te LNG. E ai ki ngā pūrongo raraunga, ki te whakatauritea ki te hau māori kua kōpeketia (CNG), he 20% te iti iho o te utu wahie o ngā waka LNG, ā, he 2/3 te mama ake o te taumaha mō ngā waka mahi waenga ki te taumaha i raro i ngā āhuatanga haere me te wā whakahaere kotahi. I taua wā anō, he 2/3 te iti iho o te utu o ngā taputapu pūnaha tuku wahie. Ka taea te whakamātau ko te whakahāngai i te hau māori me te penapena i roto i te āhua wai te tikanga tino whai hua hei whakatairanga i tana tono ki te kawe wahie.
3) Hei pūtake matao, ka whakamahia mō te hanga kai whakamatao tere, tae atu ki te kuru i ngā kirihou me ngā rapa i te pāmahana iti, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi mō te tango tote i te wai moana me te whakamatao i ngā taura.
4) Hei wahie hau ahumahi, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i ngā wheketere anga karāhe me ngā wheketere karāhe tukatuka.
Ko ngā momo kawe waka matua mō te LNG ko ngā kaipuke, ngā tereina, me ngā waka tāke. I roto i te rohe kawe waka ōhanga o te 500-800 kiromita, he tikanga pai te whakamahi i ngā waka tāke hei kawe i te LNG. Ko te tinana tāke o te waka tāke he paura korehau pakitara rua, kāore he whakamahana, he pūnaha haumaru takirere mahi me ngā ngongo werohanga. Kua tino pakari te hangarau hanga o ngā waka tāke wai pāmahana-iti i Haina, ā, he haumaru te whakamahi i ngā waka tāke. Ka rongoatia ngā hua LNG ki roto i ngā waka rokiroki wai cryogenic me te whakamahana paura korehau pakitara rua. Ka taea te whakahaere i te tere mimiti o te LNG i ia rā i roto i te 0.46%, ā, ko te wā rokiroki he 4-7 rā.
I roto i ngā wahie ma katoa, e kiia ana ko te hau māori te wahie tino pai mō ngā motuka e te tini o ngā whenua me ngā tohunga o te ao nā te mea kua pakari te hangarau tono, te haumaru, te pono, me te whaihua ohanga. Ka whakamahia e ngā motuka te hau māori hei wahie hiko, ā, ki te whakatauritea ki te penehīni, ka whakaitihia e ōna putanga hau te HC mā te 72%, te NOx mā te 39%, te CO mā te 90%, me te SOx me te Pb ki te kore. Whakaitihia te haruru mā te 40%. Nō reira, mā te whakatairanga i te whakamahinga o te wahie hau māori ka whai wāhi pai ki te whakaiti i te parahanga o te hau me te whakapai ake i te taiao.
He aha i kīia ai ko te whakamahi i te hau māori hei wahie i roto i ngā motuka ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā painga ōhanga? Whakautu: Penapena nui i te wahie. Penapena utu wahie: Hei wahie motuka, he rite te hau māori ki te 1.1 rita o te penehīni, ki te 1 rita rānei o te tīhiera mō ia mita pūtoru, ko te utu mō te 1 mita pūtoru o te hau māori he 1/3-2/3 noa iho o te 1 rita o te penehīni. Whakaitihia ngā utu tiaki: Mā te whakamahi i te hau māori ka taea te whakaroa i te roa o te ora o ngā wāhanga miihini, te whakaiti i te auau tiaki, me te whakaiti i ngā utu tiaki neke atu i te 50% i te toharite ia tau.
Whakapā mai:
Te Kamupene Taputapu Aunoatanga Hengzhong o Sichuan
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Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 10-2023