1. Kuongorora kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose
（1） Kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose
Kubva pakabuda mota yekutanga yeCNG pasi rose muna 1931, mushure memakore anopfuura makumi matanhatu, huwandu hwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose hwakasvika miriyoni imwe chete muna 1997. Kubva ipapo, mota dzegasi rechisikigo dzakapinda munguva yekukura nekukurumidza.
Zvichienderana nenhamba dzeInternational Association of natural gas vehicles (IANGV), huwandu hwepasi rose hwe jenareta yegesi yechisikigo mota nenzvimbo dzemafuta dzakasvika mamiriyoni 11.356 (dzinopfuura mamiriyoni gumi kekutanga) uye 16513 muna 2009; Muna 2012, dzakasvika mamiriyoni 16.733 emotokari nezvigaro 21292, kuwedzera kwe47.3% ne28.9% kupfuura 2009, nekukura kweavhareji pagore kwe13.8% ne8.8% zvichiteerana.
Muna 2103, huwandu hwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose hwakawedzera kusvika pamamiriyoni gumi nemasere nepfumbamwe, uye mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu neshanu nemashanu emota dzaive munyika gumi dzepamusoro, zvichiita 86% yehuwandu hwepasi rose. Sekureva kweIANGV, panosvika gore ra2020, huwandu hwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose huchasvika mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu nemashanu.
（2） Hunhu hwekugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose
1. Mota dzinotakura vanhu dzinoshandisa gasi rechisikigo pasi rose.
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hweGvR, muna 2012, kwaive nemotokari nemarori madiki anosvika mamiriyoni 15.8751 mumotokari dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose, zvichiita 92.13%; mabhazi epakati nepakati neanorema 703900, anoita 4.09%; 36.88 marori epakati neanorema, anoita 2.14%; dzimwe mota 282600, zvichiita 1.64%.
Zvinogona kugumiswa kuti chimiro chikuru chemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose imota, kusanganisira matekisi, dzichiteverwa nemabhazi. Zvichingogumira pakuwanda uye marongerwo enzvimbo dzepeturu, kune mabhazi mashoma anofamba daro refu.
2. Mota dzegasi rechisikigo dzakanyanya kuwanikwa munyika dzichiri kusimukira.
Danho rehunyanzvi renyika dzichiri kusimukira munyaya dzemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo rinowanzova riri shure kwerenyika dzakabudirira, asi kufarirwa kwaro nekushandiswa kwaro kuri pamberi.
Nyika gumi dziri pamusoro penyika dzine mota dzegasi rechisikigo muna 2013 dzese dziri kusimukira kunze kweItaly; Nyika pfumbamwe dziri kusimukira dzine mota dzegasi rechisikigo dzinosvika mamiriyoni 14.73, zvichiita 81.43% yehuwandu hwese hwenyika; Kunyanya, nyika shanu dzepamusoro (Iran, Pakistan, Argentina, Brazil neChina) dzine mota dzegasi rechisikigo dzinosvika mamiriyoni 11.9, zvichiita 65.78% yehuwandu hwepasi rose.
Huwandu hwemotokari dzepasi rose hwakanyanya kuwanikwa munyika dzakabudirira, asi huwandu hwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo hwakanyanya kuwanikwa munyika dzichiri kusimukira. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti nyika dziri kusimukira dzinokoshesa zvikuru mota dzegasi rechisikigo kupfuura nyika dzakabudirira.
3. Asia Pacific neSouth America ndidzo dzine mota dzinogadzira gasi rechisikigo dzinokurumidza kukura.
Kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo kwakatanga muEurope kuma1930. Nzvimbo dzeAsia Pacific neSouth America dzakatanga kushanda kuma1960-1980 uye dzakakurumidzisa kukura kwadzo pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi21, asi dzakabva kumashure.
Muna 2013, pakati penyika gumi dzepamusoro dzine mota dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose, nyika nhanhatu dziri mudunhu reAsia Pacific (Iran, Pakistan, China, India, Uzbekistan neThailand) dzaive nemotokari dzinosvika mamiriyoni gumi nemana, zvichiita 56.6% yemotokari dzese pasi rose; Kune mota dzinosvika mamiriyoni mana nemazana mana nepfumbamwe munyika nhatu dziri muSouth America (Argentina, Brazil neColombia), zvichiita 24.8% yemotokari dzese pasi rose.
4. Nyika dzakabudirira dzine tekinoroji yepamusoro yemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo uye dzine varidzi vemotokari vasina simba.
Semuenzaniso, United States, Canada, Germany, Japan nedzimwe nyika dzine matekinoroji epamusoro-soro eR & D uye ekugadzira mota dzegasi rechisikigo, mainjini egasi rechisikigo, nzvimbo dzekuzadza mafuta nezvimwe zvishandiso, asi huwandu hwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo hushoma kwazvo.
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hweIANGV, huwandu hwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo, nzvimbo dzekuzadza gasi uye mota dzegasi rechisikigo pasi rose muna 2012 hwakaiswa panzvimbo yegumi nemasere muUnited States nemotokari 127735 nezvigaro 1120; Germany iri panzvimbo yegumi nepfumbamwe nemotokari 95498 nezvigaro 915; Japan iri panzvimbo yemakumi maviri nemana nemotokari 42590 nezvigaro 314; Canada iri panzvimbo yemakumi maviri nepfumbamwe nemotokari 12500 nezvigaro 47.
Kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo munyika dzakasiyana pasi rose, asi pane zvinhu zviviri zviri pachena: chekutanga, kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo zvine chekuita nehurongwa hwemari, mitero uye mitengo yegasi rechisikigo hwakagamuchirwa nehurumende. Kana hurongwa hwekukurudzira hwakasimba uye huchiteverwa, mota dzegasi rechisikigo dzichakura nekukurumidza; Kana hurongwa hwekukurudzira huri kuderera, kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzegasi rechisikigo kuchachinja-chinja.
Kana mutemo wekukurudzira ukasasimba kana kumira, mota dzegasi rechisikigo dzichava dzakaoma kugadzira, kana kutodzikira kana kumira. Chechipiri, nyika dzese dzinopa mabhazi nematekisi egasi rechisikigo pekutanga.
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Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-19-2022