Chigadzirwa chehydrogen chakagadzirwa negasi rechisikigo

Nhanganyaya

Kugadzirwa kwehydrogen kubva mugasi rechisikigo kune zvakanakira zvemutengo wakaderera uye mhedzisiro yakakura. Kutsvagurudza nekuvandudza tekinoroji itsva yepamusoro yekugadzira hydrogen kubva mugasi rechisikigo ivimbiso yakakosha yekugadzirisa dambudziko rehydrogen yakachipa. Sesimba repamusoro uye rakachena remaindasitiri, gasi rechisikigo rine kukosha kwakakosha mukuvandudzwa kwesimba muChina. Nekuti gasi rechisikigo harisi mafuta akakosha chete muhupenyu hwevanhu hwezuva nezuva, asiwo zvinhu zvekutanga zvezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari.

Kugadzirwa kwehydrogen kubva mugasi rechisikigo ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvegasi rechisikigo. Liaohe Oilfield, senzvimbo yechitatu pakukura yemafuta negasi muChina, ine zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvegasi rechisikigo, kunyanya mumakambani ekugadzira mafuta negasi ari pakati nepakati. Mukugadzirwa kwemafuta negasi, tinogona kugadzira gasi rakaoma rakabatana, rine mamiriro akasiyana ekugadzirisa gasi rechisikigo zvakadzama, rine kukosha kwakakura mukusimudzira kukura nekufambiswa kwemaitiro ekugadzira hydrogen negasi rechisikigo.

Kusarudzwa uye kuongororwa kwedzidziso kwekugadzirwa kwehydrogen kubva mugasi rechisikigo

Sechigadzirwa chechipiri chemakemikari, hydrogen inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri emishonga, makemikari akanaka, emagetsi uye emagetsi. Kunyanya, hydrogen, semafuta anodiwa emasero emafuta, ichave netariro yakakura yemusika mumunda wekufambisa uye kugadzira magetsi mune ramangwana, uye ichave nenzvimbo yakakosha muchimiro chesimba remangwana. Nzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira hydrogen, dzakadai sekushandura svutugadzike yehydrocarbon light, electrolysis yemvura, methanol cracking, coal gasification uye ammonia decomposition, dzakura zvishoma. Zvisinei, kune matambudziko "akakwirira uye maviri akaderera" akadai semutengo wakakwira, goho diki uye kushanda zvishoma kwevashandi. Mukugadzirwa kwemafuta negasi muLiaohe Oilfield, kune zviwanikwa zvehydrocarbon zvakaita segasi rakaoma ne naphtha. Kushandisa nzira iyi kugadzira hydrogen kunogona kuwedzera kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa. Uyezve, chikamu chikuru chegasi rechisikigo rinobatanidzwa i methane, iyo inogona kushandurwa kuita hydrogen ne hydrocarbon steam, ine kuchena kwakanyanya kwekugadzirwa uye kushanda kwepamusoro kwekugadzirwa.

Nheyo yekugadzirwa kwehydrogen kubva mugasi rechisikigo

Maitiro makuru ekugadzirisa gasi rechisikigo anosanganisira kunyungudutsa mumhepo ne vacuum, kupwanya catalytic, kugadzirisa catalytic uye kugadzirwa kwe aromatics. Panguva imwe chete, inosanganisira kushandiswa kwegasi rechisikigo, kuunganidza nekutumira uye kucheneswa. Pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakati, tembiricha yepamusoro uye catalyst, alkanes ne steam mugasi rechisikigo zvinosangana nemakemikari. Gasi rinogadzirisa rinopinda mu converter mushure mekuchinjwa kwekupisa mu boiler kuti rishandure CO2 kuita H2 ne CO2. Mushure mekuchinjwa kwekupisa, condensation uye kupatsanurwa kwemvura ye steam, gasi rinopfuudzwa nenzira yakatevedzana ne adsorption tower rakashongedzwa nema adsorbents matatu chaiwo kuburikidza nekudzora chirongwa, uye N2, Co, CH4 ne CO2 zvinomanikidzwa uye zvinonyungudutswa ne pressure swing adsorption (PSA) kuti zvibudise hydrogen yechigadzirwa. Kuongororwa kwe depressurization kunoburitsa tsvina uye kunovandudza adsorbent.

Fomura yemhinduro: CH4 + H2O → CO + 3h2-q CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 + Q

Zviratidzo zvikuru zvehunyanzvi. Kumanikidzwa: 1.0-2.5mpa; Kushandiswa kwegasi rechisikigo: 0.5-0.56nm3/nm3 hydrogen; Kushandiswa kwesimba: 0.8-1.5/nm3 hydrogen; Chikero: 1000 Nm3 / H ~ 100000 Nm3 / h; Kuchena: kunoenderana nehydrogen yeindasitiri uye hydrogen yakachena (GB / t7445-1995); Nguva yekushanda yegore negore: inopfuura 8000h.