50×10 eyenziwe ngokwezifiso⁴m³ / D isityalo sokunyibilikisa igesi yendalo

Intshayelelo

Ukwakhiwa kweprojekthi 50 × 10⁴m³/ D iprojekthi yokunyibilikisa igesi yendalo kunye nezibonelelo ezixhasayo kunye netanki enye enomthamo opheleleyo we-10000 m3 LNG. Iiyunithi eziphambili zenkqubo ziquka uxinzelelo lwegesi yokutya, iyunithi yokususa icarbonization, iyunithi yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, iyunithi yokususa i-mercury kunye ne-hydrocarbon enzima, iyunithi yokunyibilikisa i-liquefaction, indawo yokugcina ifriji, uxinzelelo lwe-flash steam, ifama yetanki ye-LNG kunye nezibonelelo zokulayisha.

Isebenza njani unyango lwegesi yendalo ngaphambi kokuba inyibilike?

Umjelo womthombo wokutya kwezityalo uza ngendlela yegesi ngepayipi. Igesi yendalo ekhutshwa emhlabeni iqulethe ukungcola, amanzi kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene noko, ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ulwelo, igesi kufuneka idlule kwinkqubo yonyango ukuze isuse izinto ezingafunekiyo. Igesi idlula kuthotho lweenqanawa, iicompressor kunye neepayipi apho igesi yahlulwe ngokuthe ngcembe kulwelo olunzima kunye nokungcola.

Okokuqala, amanzi kunye ne-condensate ziyasuswa, kulandele ukususwa kwegesi ye-asidi (ikhabhoni diokside, i-CO2), ihydrogen sulfide (H2S) kunye ne-mercury (Hg). Ezi zinto azifuneki, njengoko zinokubangela ukwakheka komkhenkce ngexesha lokunyibilika kunye nokugqwala kwimibhobho kunye nee-heat exchangers ze-LNG. Umxube oseleyo uyapholiswa kwangaphambili, kwaye ezinye izinto ezimanzi zegesi yendalo, ezinzima, zahlulwe kumxube ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukunyibilika. Ii-hydrocarbons ezisusiweyo zingagcinwa kwaye zithengiswe ngokwahlukeneyo. Igesi eseleyo ikakhulu iqulathe i-methane kunye ne-ethane ethile, eziziswa kunyibiliko.

Igesi yendalo enyibilikayo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-LNG, iyenza irhasi yendalo ibe lulwelo ngokupholisa igesi yendalo engcolileyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo ukuya kwi-162 ℃. Ulwelo lwegesi yendalo lunokonga kakhulu indawo yokugcina kunye nokuthutha, kwaye luneengenelo zexabiso elikhulu leekhalori, ukusebenza okuphezulu, okulungelelaniswa nokulawulwa komthwalo wedolophu, okulungelelaniswa nokukhuselwa kwendalo, okunciphisa ungcoliseko lwedolophu njalo njalo.

Inkqubo yenkqubo ibandakanya ikakhulu: ukulawulwa koxinzelelo lwegesi yokutya kunye neyunithi yokulinganisa,iyunithi yokucoca igesi yendalokunye neyunithi yokunyibilikisa igesi yendalo, inkqubo yokugcina ifriji, inkqubo yokucinezela ejikeleza ifriji, indawo yokugcina kunye neyunithi yokulayisha i-LNG.

Igesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo (i-LNG) yigesi yendalo, ikakhulu i-methane, epholileyo yaba lulwelo ukuze kube lula ukugcina nokuthutha. Ithatha malunga ne-1/600th yomthamo wegesi yendalo kwimeko yegesi.

Sinikezela ngeZityalo zokuNciphisa iGesi yendalo kwizinga elincinci nelincinci. Umthamo wezityalo ugubungela ukusuka kwi-13 ukuya ngaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-200 ngosuku zemveliso ye-LNG (18,000 ukuya kwi-300,000 Nm).³/d).

Isityalo esipheleleyo sokunyibilikisa ulwelo se-LNG siquka iinkqubo ezintathu: inkqubo yenkqubo, inkqubo yokulawula izixhobo kunye nenkqubo yokusetyenziswa. Ngokwemithombo yomoya eyahlukeneyo, ingatshintshwa.

Ngokwemeko yokwenyani yomthombo wegesi, samkela inkqubo engcono kakhulu kunye neyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. Izixhobo ezifakwe kwi-skid zenza ukuthuthwa nokufakwa kube lula ngakumbi.

1. Inkqubo yenkqubo

Igesi yendalo eyondlayo ixinzelelwa emva kokuhluzwa, ukwahlulahlulwa, ulawulo loxinzelelo kunye nokulinganisa, ize ingene kwinkqubo yonyango lwangaphambi kwegesi yendalo. Emva kokususa i-CO2₂, H₂S ,Hg, H₂I-O2 kunye neehydrocarbons ezinzima, ingena kwibhokisi ebandayo yolwelo. Emva koko ipholiswa kwi-plate fin heat exchanger, i-denitized emva kolwelo, ize ipholiswe kancinci, ithontsizwe kwaye ikhanyelwe kwi-flash tank, kwaye okokugqibela, isigaba solwelo esahlulweyo singena kwi-LNG storage tank njengeemveliso ze-LNG.

Itshathi yokuhamba kwesityalo se-LNG esifakwe kwi-skid yile ilandelayo:

Inkqubo yesityalo se-cryogenic LNG ibandakanya:

• ● Ukucoca igesi yokutya, ukwahlulahlula, ulawulo loxinzelelo kunye neyunithi yokulinganisa;

• ● Iyunithi yoxinzelelo lwegesi yokutya

• ● Iyunithi yonyango lwangaphambi konyango (kubandakanyaukususwa kwe-asidi,ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbenikunye nokususwa kweehydrocarbon ezinzima, i-mercury kunye nokususwa kothuli);

• ● Iyunithi yokulinganisa i-MR kunye neyunithi yomjikelo woxinzelelo lwe-MR;

• ● Iyunithi yokunyibilikisa i-LNG (kubandakanya iyunithi yokususa i-nitrification);

1.1 Iimpawu zenkqubo yenkqubo

1.1.1 Iyunithi yonyango lwangaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwegesi yokuphakelwa

Indlela yenkqubo yeyunithi yonyango lwegesi yokuphakelwa ineempawu ezilandelayo:

• ●Ukususa i-asidi ngesisombululo se-MDEAinexabiso lokuphuma kwegwebu elincinci, ukubola okuncinci kunye nokulahleka okuncinci kwe-amine.

• ●Ukufunxwa kwesihluzo semolekyuliIsetyenziselwa ukomisa amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu, kwaye isenenzuzo enkulu yokufunxa amanzi nokuba iphantsi koxinzelelo olungaphelelanga lomphunga wamanzi.

• ● Ukusebenzisa ikhabhoni evuselelweyo enesalfure ukususa imercury kubiza kancinci. Imercury isabela nesalfure kwikhabhoni evuselelweyo enesalfure ukuvelisa imercury sulfide, efunxwa kwikhabhoni evuselelweyo ukufezekisa injongo yokususa imercury.

• ● Izinto zokucoca ezichanekileyo zinokuhluza isihluzo semolekyuli kunye nothuli lwekhabhoni olusebenzayo ngaphantsi kwe-5μm.

1.1.2 Iyunithi yokwenza ulwelo kunye nefriji

Indlela ekhethiweyo yenkqubo yokwenza ulwelo kunye neyunithi yokukhenkceza yi-MRC (mixed refrigerant) cycle refrigerant, esetyenziswa kancinci. Le ndlela inokusetyenziswa kancinci kwamandla phakathi kweendlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu zokukhenkceza, nto leyo eyenza ixabiso lemveliso likhuphisane kwimarike. Iyunithi yokulinganisa i-refrigerant ayixhomekekanga kwiyunithi yoxinzelelo olujikelezayo. Ngexesha lokusebenza, iyunithi yokulinganisa iphinda izalise i-refrigerant kwiyunithi yoxinzelelo olujikelezayo, igcina imeko yokusebenza ezinzileyo yeyunithi yoxinzelelo olujikelezayo; Emva kokuba iyunithi ivaliwe, iyunithi yokulinganisa inokugcina i-refrigerant kwindawo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu lweyunithi yoxinzelelo ngaphandle kokukhupha i-refrigerant. Oku akunakugcina i-refrigerant kuphela, kodwa kunciphise nexesha elilandelayo lokuqalisa.

Zonke iivalvu ezikwibhokisi ebandayo zitshixiwe, kwaye akukho qhagamshelo lweflange kwibhokisi ebandayo ukunciphisa iindawo ezinokwenzeka zokuvuza kwibhokisi ebandayo.

1.2 Izixhobo eziphambili zeYunithi nganye

2. Inkqubo yokulawula izixhobo

Ukuze kujongwe ngempumelelo inkqubo yokuvelisa iseti epheleleyo yezixhobo, kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kunye nokusebenza okulula kunye nokugcinwa, inkqubo yolawulo lwezixhobo ibandakanya ikakhulu:

Inkqubo yolawulo olusasazwayo (i-DCS)

Inkqubo yeZixhobo zoKhuseleko (i-SIS)

Inkqubo yeAlarm yoMlilo kunye neGesi (FGS)

Umabonakude ojikelezayo (i-CCTV)

Inkqubo yohlalutyo

Nezixhobo ezichanekileyo kakhulu (i-flowmeter, i-analyzer, i-thermometer, i-pressure gage) ezihlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo. Le nkqubo ibonelela ngemisebenzi yoqwalaselo egqibeleleyo, ukuqalisa kunye nokubeka iliso, kubandakanya ukufunyanwa kwedatha yenkqubo, ulawulo oluvaliweyo, imeko yokujonga ukusebenza kwezixhobo, ukunxibelelana kwe-alamu kunye nenkonzo, ukucubungula idatha kunye nokubonisa ngexesha langempela, inkonzo yefashoni, ukuboniswa kwemizobo, inkonzo yengxelo yerekhodi yokusebenza kunye neminye imisebenzi. Xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo kwicandelo lemveliso okanye inkqubo ye-FGS ithumela isignali ye-alamu, i-SIS ithumela isignali yokukhusela ukuthintela izixhobo ezikwindawo, kwaye inkqubo ye-FGS yazisa isebe labacimi-mlilo basekuhlaleni ngaxeshanye.

3. Inkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo

Le nkqubo ibandakanya ikakhulu: iyunithi yomoya wesixhobo, iyunithi yenitrogen, iyunithi yeoyile yokudlulisa ubushushu, iyunithi yamanzi angenatyuwa kunye neyunithi yamanzi ajikelezayo okupholisa.