Abemi behlabathi bayanda kwaye, kwabaninzi, umgangatho wokuphila uya kuqhubeka uphucuka. Ngenxa yoko, imfuno yamandla kwihlabathi kulindeleke ukuba iphindwe kabini ngo-2050 xa ithelekiswa no-2000.
Ukunceda ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno, igesi iya kuba yindima ebaluleke ngakumbi. Igesi yendalo ininzi, kwaye yeyona fuel icocekileyo evuthayo. Kodwa ezinye izixhobo zegesi yendalo zikwiindawo ezikude: ukuthutha igesi imigama emide ngepayipi kunokubiza kakhulu kwaye kungasebenzi.
Isisombululo? Siyinyibilikisa igesi ngokuyipholisa, nto leyo enciphisa umthamo wayo ukuze kube lula, kungabizi kwaye kukhuseleke ukuthuthwa ngenqanawa. Ngoko ke, iveliswa njani igesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo? Igesi yendalo ekhutshwa emhlabeni, iqulethe ukungcola, amanzi kunye nezinye izinto ezihambelana nayo.
Okokuqala iyacutshungulwa ukuze icoceke. Idlula kwiipayipi ezininzi kunye neenqanawa apho amandla adonsela phantsi anceda ukwahlula igesi kwezinye zezinto ezimanzi ezinzima. Emva koko ezinye izinto ezingcolileyo ziyasuswa. Igesi yendalo idlula kwisinyibilikisi esisekelwe emanzini esifunxa i-carbon dioxide kunye ne-hydrogen sulphide. Ezi zinto bezinokuqandisa xa igesi ipholile kwaye zibangele ukuvaleka. Emva koko nawaphi na amanzi aseleyo ayasuswa, njengoko oku bekuya kuqandisa. Okokugqibela, ulwelo olukhaphukhaphu oluseleyo lwegesi yendalo - ikakhulu i-propane kunye ne-butane - lukhutshwa ukuze luthengiswe ngokwahlukeneyo okanye lusetyenziswe njengefriji kamva kwinkqubo yokupholisa.
Iintsalela zemercury nazo ziyahluzwa. Ngoku igesi yendalo ecociweyo – i-methane ene-ethane – ilungele ukunyibilikiswa. Oku kwenzeka kwii-heat exchangers. I-coolant, ebanda ziifriji ezinkulu, ifunxa ubushushu obuvela kwigesi yendalo. Ipholisa igesi iye kwi--162°C, inciphisa umthamo wayo ngokuphindwe kayi-600.
Oku kuyiguqula ibe lulwelo olucacileyo, olungenambala, olungenatyhefu – — igesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo, okanye i-LNG – okulula kakhulu ukuyigcina nokuyithutha. I-LNG igcinwa kwiitanki ezigqunyiweyo, ide ilungele ukulayishwa kwinqanawa okanye umthwali we-LNG oyilwe ngokukodwa. Xa inqanawa ifika kwindawo eya kuyo, i-LNG idluliselwa kwisityalo sokuphinda ikhuphe igesi apho ifudunyezwa khona, iyibuyisele kwimeko yayo yegesi. Igesi emva koko ithuthwa ngemibhobho iye kubathengi, inika amandla emakhaya nakwimizi-mveliso.
IHengzhong iyaqhubeka nokunceda ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla ezikhulayo ngegesi yendalo etsha umbane ngendlela ecocekileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-31-2021