Imveliso ye-hydrogen evela kwigesi yendalo ineengenelo zexabiso eliphantsi kunye nesiphumo esibalulekileyo sesikali. Uphando kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji entsha yenkqubo ephucukileyo yokuveliswa kwe-hydrogen evela kwigesi yendalo sisiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo sokusombulula ingxaki yomthombo we-hydrogen ongabizi. Njengamandla emveliso asemgangathweni ophezulu kwaye acocekileyo, igesi yendalo inentsingiselo ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yophuhliso lwamandla eTshayina. Ngenxa yokuba igesi yendalo ayisiyo kuphela amafutha abalulekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu, kodwa ikwayimveliso esisiseko yeemveliso ezininzi zeekhemikhali.
Imveliso ye-hydrogen evela kwigesi yendalo yenye yeemveliso ezininzi zegesi yendalo. I-Liaohe Oilfield, njengentsimi yesithathu ngobukhulu yeoyile negesi eTshayina, ityebile kwimithombo yegesi yendalo, ngakumbi kumashishini okucubungula ioyile negesi. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ioyile negesi, sinokuvelisa ubungakanani obukhulu begesi eyomileyo enxulumene nayo, eneemeko ezizodwa zokucubungula igesi yendalo, inentsingiselo ebanzi ngakumbi yokukhuthaza uphuhliso kunye nokusasazwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen yegesi yendalo.
1 Ukukhethwa kunye nohlalutyo lwethiyori lwemveliso yehydrogen evela kwigesi yendalo
Njengemveliso yesibini yeekhemikhali, i-hydrogen isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini asebenzisa amayeza, amachiza amancinci, i-elektroniki kunye nombane. Ngokukodwa, i-hydrogen, njenge-fuel ekhethwayo kwiiseli zepetroli, iya kuba namathuba emarike abanzi kwicandelo lokuthuthwa kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla kwixesha elizayo, kwaye iya kuba nesikhundla esibaluleke ngakumbi kwisakhiwo samandla kwixesha elizayo. Iindlela zemveli zokuvelisa i-hydrogen, ezinje ngokuguqulwa komphunga we-hydrocarbon olula, i-electrolysis yamanzi, ukuqhekeka kwe-methanol, i-gasification yamalahle kunye nokubola kwe-ammonia, zivuthiwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingxaki "eziphezulu nezimbini eziphantsi" ezifana neendleko eziphezulu, isivuno esiphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kwabasebenzi. Kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kweoyile negesi eLiaohe Oilfield, kukho izixhobo ze-hydrocarbon ezifana negesi eyomileyo kunye ne-naphtha. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela ukuvelisa i-hydrogen kunokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo. Ngaphezu koko, inxalenye ephambili yegesi yendalo ehambelana nayo yi-methane, enokuguqulwa ibe yi-hydrogen ngumphunga we-hydrocarbon, ngococeko oluphezulu lwemveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
2. Umgaqo wenkqubo yokuveliswa kwe-hydrogen kwigesi yendalo
Iinkqubo eziphambili zokucubungula igesi yendalo ziquka ukucocwa komoya kunye ne-vacuum, ukuqhekeka kwe-catalytic, ukuhlaziya i-catalytic kunye nokuveliswa kwe-aromatics. Kwangaxeshanye, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yendalo, ukuqokelela kunye nokuhambisa kunye nokucocwa. Phantsi koxinzelelo oluthile, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-catalyst, ii-alkanes kunye nomphunga kwigesi yendalo zisabela ngokweekhemikhali. Igesi eguqulayo ingena kwi-converter emva kokutshintshana kobushushu kwibhoyila ukuguqula i-CO2 ibe yi-H2 kunye ne-CO2. Emva kokutshintshana kobushushu, ukufuma kunye nokwahlukana kwamanzi omphunga, igesi idlula ngokulandelelana kwi-adsorption tower exhotyiswe ngee-adsorbents ezintathu ezithile ngolawulo lwenkqubo, kwaye i-N2, i-Co, i-CH4 kunye ne-CO2 zixinzelelwa kwaye zifakwe yi-pressure swing adsorption (PSA) ukuze kukhutshwe i-hydrogen yemveliso. Uhlalutyo lwe-Depressurization lukhupha ukungcola kwaye luvuselela i-adsorbent.
Ifomula yokusabela:
CH4 + H2O → CO + 3H2-q
CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 + Q
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-10-2021