Igesi yendalo ngumthombo wamandla obalulekileyo osetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, idla ngokungcoliswa zizinto ezingcolisayo ezifana nekhabhoni diokside (CO2), ekufuneka isuswe ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Enye yezona ndlela zidumileyo zokufezekisa oku kukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-pressure swing adsorption (PSA), eyaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo kakuhle nangokuthembekileyo ekucutshungulweni kwegesi yendalo. Itekhnoloji ye-PSA ibonelela ngendlela elula nengabizi kakhulu yokwenza susa ikhabhoni diokside kwigesi yendalo.
I Inkqubo yokususa iicarbonization kwi-PSA Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukufunxa i-carbon dioxide kusetyenziswa izinto ezikhethekileyo zokufunxa ezifana ne-activated carbon okanye ii-molecular seeves. Izinto zokufunxa zinobuhlobo obuphezulu ne-carbon dioxide, nto leyo evumela ukuba zisuse ngokukhetha oku kungcola kwimijelo yegesi yendalo. Inkqubo yokufunxa idla ngokuqhubeka ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu, nto leyo ephucula ukwahlukana kwe-carbon dioxide kwezinye iigesi ezikumxube.
Nje ukuba ikharbon diokside ifunxwe zizinto ezifunxwayo, igesi yendalo ecociweyo iyakhutshwa ize ithunyelwe kwinqanaba elilandelayo kwinkqubo. Izinto ezifunxwayo ezityebileyo kwikharbon diokside ziyavuselelwa, kusetyenziswa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-depressurization. Ngexesha le nkqubo, uxinzelelo kwizinto ezifunxwayo luyehla, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ikharbon diokside ikhuphe kwaye ikhutshwe kwizinto. Ikharbon diokside ekhutshiweyo inokubanjwa kwaye icutshungulwe ngokukhuselekileyo, ngelixa izinto ezifunxwayo ezivuselelweyo zinokusetyenziswa kwakhona ukuze kususwe ikharbon diokside ngakumbi. Itekhnoloji ye-PSA Inika iingenelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zokucocwa kwegesi yendalo. Okokuqala, isebenza kakuhle kakhulu, inamazinga okususa i-CO2 akhawulezayo nangaguqukiyo. Okwesibini, inokwandiswa kwaye ingahlengahlengiswa kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuphatha igesi, nto leyo eyenza ifaneleke kwimisebenzi emikhulu neyincinci.
Okwesithathu, ibonelela ngezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzekela okuvumela ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokuthembekileyo ngaphandle kokungenelela okukhulu ngesandla. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe be-PSA bokucubungula igesi yendalo, nganye ineempawu zayo kunye neenzuzo zayo ezizodwa. Umzekelo, ezinye iinkqubo ze-PSA zisebenzisa iibhedi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokufunxa, enye ibhedi ifunxa i-CO2 ngelixa enye ibhedi ivuselelwa. Oku kuvumela ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, enye ibhedi isoloko ikwisigaba sokufunxa kwaye enye ikwisigaba sokuvuselela. Ezinye iintlobo ziquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto zokufunxa, ezifana neebhedi ezipakishiweyo okanye izinto zebhedi eqinileyo. Nangona ubuchwepheshe be-PSA buneengenelo ezininzi, bukwanazo nemida. Enye yeengxaki eziphambili kukufuneka kokuphucula iiparameter zenkqubo ukuze kufezekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kokususwa kwe-CO2 ngelixa kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zokusebenza. Oku kunokufuna ukujonga ngononophelo izinto ezifana noxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye namazinga okuhamba kwegesi, kunye nohlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ukongeza, ezinye iinkqubo ze-PSA zinokuba novelwano kutshintsho kwindlela ezibunjwe ngayo igesi kunye nokungcola, okunokuchaphazela iinkqubo zokufunxa kunye nokuhlaziya. Ngamafutshane, ukucubungula igesi yendalo kusetyenziswa iteknoloji yokufunxa i-pressure swing kubonelela ngendlela esebenzayo nethembekileyo yokususa i-carbon dioxide, enceda ukuvelisa amandla acocekileyo nazinzileyo. Njengoko imfuno yeshishini yegesi yendalo iqhubeka ikhula, uphuhliso kunye nokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji ye-PSA kusenokwenzeka ukuba kudlale indima ebaluleke ngakumbi ekucutshungulweni kwegesi yendalo kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-29-2023