Igesi yomsila evela kushishino lokucoca igesi yendalo inokulungiswa ngenkqubo yokunciphisa ukufunxwa. Umgaqo wenkqubo yokunciphisa nokufunxwa kukufaka ihydrogen kwigesi yomsila, ukunciphisa izinto zesalfure kwigesi yomsila zibe yi-H2S, ukufunxa ngokukhetha i-H2S eveliswayo ngendlela ye-amine, kwaye ekugqibeleni ivuselele okanye ikhuphe igesi, ize ifake iyunithi yeClaus ukuze ijikeleze. Inkqubo yehydrogenation inotyalo-mali oluphezulu kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, inokufikelela kwisivuno esiphezulu sesalfure, esifana ne-99.8%, esetyenziswa kakhulu kumazwe nakwiindawo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.
Indlela yokunciphisa ukufunxwa ibandakanya ikakhulu ezi nkqubo zilandelayo: Inkqubo yeScot, inkqubo ye-HCR, inkqubo yokubuyisela i-sulf, inkqubo ye-bsrp kunye nenkqubo ye-RAR.
Inkqubo yaseScot ekuthiwa yiScot ibhekisa kubuchwepheshe bonyango lwegesi yomsila besityalo seClaus sulfur saseDutch Shell. Ngokubanzi, inkqubo yendabuko yeClaus (enamabakala amabini okanye amathathu) isetyenziselwa ukubuyisa isalfure. Izinga lokubuyisa isalfure kule nkqubo limalunga nama-95% ~ 97%. Kuluntu lwanamhlanje, iimfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ziphezulu nangakumbi, kwaye ukukhutshwa okuvumelekileyo kuncinci nangakumbi. Ukuba iyunithi yokubuyisa isalfure inomthamo omkhulu, izinga lokubuyisa liphezulu kakhulu (99% nangaphezulu). Kule meko, inkqubo yonyango lwegesi yomsila we-super Claus okanye yeScot kufuneka iqwalaselwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba izinga lokubuyisa lifuneka lifikelele ngaphezulu kwama-99.5%, i-scot ingasetyenziswa kuphela.
Inkqubo ye-HCR, iteknoloji yenkqubo ye-HCR ephuhliswe yinkampani yase-Itali i-nigi, ikwaluhlobo lwenkqubo yokunciphisa i-hydrogenation. Uphawu oluphambili lwale nkqubo kukusebenzisa ukulibaziseka kokutshisa kunye nobushushu benkqubo yegesi yesulfure ukwenza igesi ukufudumeza igesi yomsila, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokufudumeza okongeziweyo, ukuze kufezekiswe ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ubushushu obumdaka kwaye kuncitshiswe kakhulu iindleko. Ngaphezu koko, le nkqubo ayifuni i-hydrogen eyongezelelweyo. I-H2 eboliswe yi-Claus section high temperature combustion furnace yanele ukunciphisa i-sulfur eseleyo ibe yi-H2S.
Inkqubo yokubuyisela i-sulfur, inkqubo yokubuyisela i-sulfur eyenziwe yinkampani ye-TPA ibandakanya iintlobo ezintathu: inkqubo yokubuyisela i-sulfur, inkqubo yokubuyisela i-sulf-10 kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela i-mm. Ngokufanayo nenkqubo ye-Scot, igesi yomsila weyunithi ye-Claus ifudunyezwa kuqala, ize ixutywe negesi yokunciphisa ixutywe ne-H2 ukunciphisa igesi yecandelo eliqulethe i-sulfur kwi-reactor ibe yi-H2S. Le nkqubo ingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula izinga lokubuyisela i-sulfur kwiyunithi ye-Claus ekhoyo.
Inkqubo ye-Bsrp iphuhliswa ngokubambisana yi-UOP kunye neParsons. Inkqubo ye-Bsrp isetyenziselwa kakhulu unyango lwegesi yomsila weyunithi yeClaus. Le nkqubo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela.
Izinga lokubuyisa isalfure iyonke yeyunithi yeClaus / bsrp linokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-99.8%. I-Bsrp isebenzisa indlela ye-anthrone ukufunxa i-H2S. Umxholo we-H2S kwigesi yomsila ekhutshiweyo uphantsi, kodwa kukho iingxaki ezininzi zokusebenza.
Itekhnoloji yeRar i-KTI iphuhlise inkqubo yonyango lwegesi yomsila ebizwa ngokuba yi-rar (ukunciphisa, ukufunxa kunye nokurisayikilisha). Le nkqubo isekelwe kwi-reductive selective amines: umgaqo wenkqubo waziwa kakhulu kushishino, ophantse ufane noweenkqubo ezifanayo ezisetyenziswa kwezinye iinkqubo ezifanayo. Inkqubo yeRar isebenza ngokuthembekileyo nangokusebenzayo, kwaye izinga layo lokubuyisa isalfure linokufikelela kwi-99.9%. Yeyona nkqubo yokubuyisa isalfure esebenzayo kakhulu kubuchwepheshe obukhoyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-21-2022