Inani labantu emhlabeni liyanda futhi, kwabaningi, amazinga okuphila azoqhubeka nokuthuthuka. Ngenxa yalokho, isidingo samandla emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi siphindwe kabili ngo-2050 uma siqhathaniswa no-2000.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo, igesi izoba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu. Igesi yemvelo iningi, futhi iyona ephethiloli ehlanzeke kakhulu evuthayo. Kodwa eminye imithombo yegesi yemvelo isezindaweni ezikude: ukuthutha igesi amabanga amade ngepayipi kungaba kubi kakhulu futhi kungasebenzi.
Isixazululo? Siyincibilikisa igesi ngokuyipholisa, okunciphisa umthamo wayo ukuze kube lula, kungabizi futhi kuphephe ukuthuthwa ngomkhumbi. Ngakho-ke, igesi yemvelo encibilikisiwe ikhiqizwa kanjani? Igesi yemvelo ekhishwa emhlabathini, iqukethe ukungcola, amanzi kanye nezinye izinto ezihambisana nayo.
Okokuqala iyacutshungulwa ukuze ihlanzwe. Idlula ochungechungeni lwamapayipi nemikhumbi lapho amandla adonsela phansi esiza ukuhlukanisa igesi kwezinye zezinto ezisindayo. Okunye ukungcola kuyasuswa. Igesi yemvelo idlula ku-solvent esuselwa emanzini emunca i-carbon dioxide ne-hydrogen sulfide. Lokhu bekungabanda uma igesi ipholile bese kubangele ukuvaleka. Okulandelayo noma yimaphi amanzi asele ayasuswa, njengoba lokhu bekungabanda futhi. Okokugcina, uketshezi olusele lwegesi yemvelo olulula - ikakhulukazi i-propane ne-butane - lukhishwa ukuze luthengiswe ngokwehlukana noma lusetshenziswe njengesiqandisi kamuva enkambisweni yokupholisa.
Izinsalela ze-mercury nazo ziyahlungwa. Manje igesi yemvelo ehlanziwe - i-methane ene-ethane - isilungele ukuncibilikiswa. Lokhu kwenzeka kuma-heat exchanger. I-coolant, ebanda ngamafriji amakhulu, imunca ukushisa okuvela kugesi yemvelo. Ipholisa igesi ibe yi--162°C, inciphise umthamo wayo izikhathi ezingu-600.
Lokhu kuyiguqula ibe uketshezi olucacile, olungenambala, olungenabo ubuthi – —igesi yemvelo encibilikisiwe, noma i-LNG – okulula kakhulu ukuyigcina nokuyithutha. I-LNG igcinwa emathangini avikelwe ukushisa, kuze kube yilapho isilungele ukulayishwa emkhunjini noma esithwalini se-LNG esiklanyelwe ngokukhethekile. Lapho umkhumbi ufika lapho uya khona, i-LNG idluliselwa esitshalweni sokuvuselela igesi lapho ifudunyezwa khona, iyibuyisele esimweni sayo segesi. Igesi ithuthwa ngamapayipi iye kumakhasimende, inikeze amandla emakhaya nasezimbonini.
I-Hengzhong iyaqhubeka nokusiza ukuhlangabezana nesidingo samandla esikhulayo ngegesi yemvelo ehlanza kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 31-2021