Siqede ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa kwethu kanye nokulethwa komcimbi wokulethwa kwe-300Nm3 /h wesitshalo sokukhiqiza i-hydrogen esicebile se-methane esisatshalaliswa yi-Sinopec. Lapha ngingathanda ukunikeza isingeniso esifushane senqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kugesi yemvelo.
Ngokuqiniswa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukuthola amandla amasha sekuyinto ebalulekile. Njengamandla angaba khona kakhulu, i-hydrogen inemithombo eminingi, cishe akukho ukungcola, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kanye namathuba amaningi okusetshenziswa. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kugesi yemvelo kunganciphisa inkinga yamandla yaseShayina ngezinga elithile futhi kukhuthaze kakhulu ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sokusetshenziswa kwamandla saseShayina.
Leli phepha lizogxila esimisweni sokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kugesi yemvelo, inqubo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kugesi yemvelo, ukuhlukaniswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kugesi yemvelo kanye nokubalwa kwezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kugesi yemvelo.
1 Isimiso kanye nenqubo ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kugesi yemvelo
1.1Isimiso sokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kugesi yemvelo
Umgomo wenqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yegesi yemvelo ukuqala ngokwelapha igesi yemvelo, bese uguqula i-methane kanye ne-steam ibe yi-carbon monoxide kanye ne-hydrogen ku-reformer, bese uguqula i-carbon monoxide ibe yi-carbon dioxide kanye ne-hydrogen embhoshongweni wokushintsha ngemva kokubuyiselwa kokushisa okulahliwe. Isisekelo salobu buchwepheshe benqubo siqalwa ngesisekelo sobuchwepheshe bokuguqulwa kwe-steam yegesi yemvelo. Embhoshongweni wokushintsha, izinga lokushisa lokusabela lilawulwa lapho kukhona i-catalyst, kanti i-carbon monoxide kugesi yokuguqula isabela namanzi ukukhiqiza i-hydrogen kanye ne-carbon dioxide.
Ngaphansi kwengcindezi efanele kanye nokushisa, ama-alkanes kugesi yemvelo azobhekana nochungechunge lwemiphumela yamakhemikhali ukuze akhiqize igesi yokuguqula. Ngemva kokuba igesi yokuguqula idlule kudivayisi ye-PAS efakwe ama-adsorbents ahlukahlukene ngaphansi kokulawulwa okuzenzakalelayo, i-carbon monoxide, i-carbon dioxide kanye nokunye ukungcola kuzomuncwa ngumbhoshongo wokudonsa, bese i-hydrogen ithunyelwa kuyunithi edla igesi ukuze imuncwe ama-adsorbent okungcola. Ngemva kokumuncwa, igesi yokuhlaziya ingathunyelwa ku-shift furnace njengophethiloli, futhi i-adsorbent nayo ingavuselelwa.
Ifomula yokusabela eyinhloko yile elandelayo:
Igesi yemvelo namanzi kuyasabela ku-800 ~ 900 ℃ kanye ne-nickel oxide catalyst ukuze kukhiqizwe i-carbon monoxide ne-hydrogen.
Ifomula yokusabela ithi: CH4 + H2O → CO + H2-Q
I-carbon monoxide namanzi asabela ku-300-400 ℃ nge-ferric oxide catalyst ukukhiqiza i-carbon dioxide ne-hydrogen.
Ifomula yokusabela ithi: CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 + Q
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidingo zenkomba yobuchwepheshe ezifanele enkambisweni yokulungiselela yilezi ezilandelayo:
Ingcindezi ngokuvamile ingu-1.5 ~ 2.5 MPa, kanti ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi yegesi yemvelo kungu-0.4 ~ 0.5 m3 / m3 i-hydrogen;Isikhathi sokusebenza: > 8000h;Isikali sezimboni: 1000 m3 / H ~ 100000 m3 / h.
1.2 Inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yegesi yemvelo
Inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yegesi yemvelo ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi izinqubo ezine: ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwegesi yokuphakelwa, ukuguqulwa komusi wegesi yemvelo, ukuguqulwa kwe-carbon monoxide kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-hydrogen.
Isinyathelo sokuqala isinyathelo sokwelashwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi lapha kubhekisela kakhulu ekususweni kwesibabule segesi eluhlaza. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela kwenqubo, uchungechunge lwegesi yemvelo i-cobalt molybdenum hydrogenation luvame ukusetshenziswa njenge-desulfurizer ukuguqula isibabule esiphilayo kugesi yemvelo sibe isibabule esingaphili bese sisuswa. Ukugeleza kwegesi yemvelo eluhlaza ephathwe lapha kukhulu, ngakho-ke umthombo wegesi yemvelo onomfutho ophezulu ungasetshenziswa noma umkhawulo omkhulu ungacatshangelwa lapho kukhethwa i-compressor yegesi yemvelo.
Isinyathelo sesibili ukuguqulwa kwegesi yemvelo ngomusi. I-nickel catalyst isetshenziswa ku-reformer ukuguqula ama-alkanes kugesi yemvelo abe yigesi ephakelayo enezingxenye eziyinhloko ze-carbon monoxide ne-hydrogen.
Ngemuva kwalokho, i-carbon monoxide iguqulwa ukuze isabelane nomhwamuko wamanzi lapho kukhona i-catalyst ukuze ikhiqize i-hydrogen ne-carbon dioxide ukuze kutholakale igesi yokuguqula ezingxenye zayo eziyinhloko yi-hydrogen ne-carbon dioxide. Ngokusho kwezinga lokushisa elihlukile lokuguqulwa, inqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-carbon monoxide ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo kanye nokuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Izinga lokushisa lokuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lingaba ngu-360 ℃, kanti inqubo yokuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo ingaba ngu-320 ℃. Ngokuthuthuka kwezindlela zobuchwepheshe zokuphikisana, ukusetha inqubo yezigaba ezimbili yokuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kuye kwamukelwa eminyakeni yamuva nje, okungasindisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza. Kodwa-ke, uma okuqukethwe kwe-carbon monoxide kugesi yokuguqulwa kungeyona ephezulu, kungathathwa ukuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuphela.
Isinyathelo sokugcina ukuhlanza i-hydrogen. Manje uhlelo lokuhlanza i-hydrogen olusetshenziswa kakhulu uhlelo lwe-PAS, olwaziwa nangokuthi uhlelo lokuhlanza nokuhlukanisa i-PSA. Lolu hlelo lusebenzisa amandla aphansi, inqubo elula kanye nobumsulwa obukhulu bokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen. Ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, ubumsulwa be-hydrogen bungafinyelela ku-99.99%.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-11-2021