Chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse chikukula ndipo, kwa ambiri, miyoyo ya anthu ipitilizabe kukwera. Chifukwa cha izi, kufunikira kwa mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi kukuyembekezeka kuwirikiza kawiri pofika chaka cha 2050 poyerekeza ndi chaka cha 2000.
Pofuna kukwaniritsa kufunikira kumeneku, gasi adzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Gasi wachilengedwe ndi wochuluka, ndipo ndiye mafuta oyeretsera omwe amayaka bwino kwambiri. Koma gasi wina wachilengedwe ali m'malo akutali: kunyamula gasi mtunda wautali ndi mapaipi kungakhale kokwera mtengo komanso kosathandiza.
Yankho lake ndi lakuti, timasungunula mpweyawu mwa kuuziziritsa, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwake kuti ukhale wosavuta, wotsika mtengo komanso wotetezeka paulendo wa sitima. Ndiye, kodi mpweya wachilengedwe wosungunuka umapangidwa bwanji? Mpweya wachilengedwe wochotsedwa pansi, uli ndi zinthu zosafunika, madzi ndi zina zokhudzana nazo.
Choyamba imakonzedwa kuti iyeretsedwe. Imadutsa m'mapaipi ndi ziwiya zingapo pomwe mphamvu yokoka imathandizira kulekanitsa mpweya ndi zina mwa zakumwa zolemera. Zonyansa zina zimachotsedwa. Mpweya wachilengedwe umadutsa mu chosungunulira chamadzi chomwe chimayamwa carbon dioxide ndi hydrogen sulfide. Izi zikanazizira mpweya ukazizira motero zimayambitsa kutsekeka. Kenako madzi otsala amachotsedwa, chifukwa izi zingaundanenso. Pomaliza, madzi otsala a mpweya wachilengedwe - makamaka propane ndi butane - amachotsedwa kuti agulitsidwe padera kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati firiji pambuyo pake pakuzizira.
Madontho a mercury nawonso amasefedwa. Tsopano mpweya wachilengedwe woyeretsedwa - methane yokhala ndi ethane - wakonzeka kusungunuka. Izi zimachitika mu zosinthira kutentha. Choziziritsira, chozizira ndi mafiriji akuluakulu, chimayamwa kutentha kwa mpweya wachilengedwe. Chimaziziritsa mpweyawo kufika pa -162°C, ndikuchepetsa voliyumu yake ndi nthawi 600.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale madzi owoneka bwino, opanda mtundu, komanso opanda poizoni - mpweya wachilengedwe wosungunuka, kapena LNG - womwe ndi wosavuta kusunga ndikunyamula. LNG imasungidwa m'matanki otetezedwa, mpaka itakonzeka kulowetsedwa m'chombo chapadera cha LNG kapena chonyamulira. Sitimayo ikafika komwe ikupita, LNG imasamutsidwira ku fakitale yobwezeretsanso mpweya komwe imatenthedwa, ndikuibwezeretsa momwe imakhalira ndi mpweya. Kenako mpweyawo umanyamulidwa kudzera m'mapaipi kupita kwa makasitomala, kupereka mphamvu m'nyumba ndi mafakitale.
Hengzhong ikupitiliza kuthandiza kukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa mphamvu komwe kukukula pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wachilengedwe woyeretsa bwino.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala 31-2021