Mafuta osaphikidwa ndi gasi wachilengedwe onse pamodzi amatchedwa mafuta. Mafuta osaphikidwa ndi gawo lolemera la hydrocarbon lopangidwa mwachilengedwe mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, pomwe gasi wachilengedwe ndi gawo lopepuka la hydrocarbon lomwe limapezeka mu mawonekedwe a gasi. Gasi wachilengedwe wochokera ku chitsime cha gasi amatchedwa gasi wa chitsime cha gasi, ndipo gasi wachilengedwe wolekanitsidwa ndi mafuta osaphikidwa ndi chitsime cha mafuta amatchedwa gasi wogwirizana.
Mpweya wachilengedwe ndi chisakanizo cha mpweya wa hydrocarbon, womwe ulinso ndi madzi ndi zinthu zina zodetsa. Umapangidwa makamaka ndi kaboni, haidrojeni, sulfure, nayitrogeni, mpweya ndi zinthu zina zochepa, makamaka kaboni ndi haidrojeni, pomwe mpweya wa kaboni umakhala 65% - 80% ndipo haidrojeni umakhala 12% - 20%. Kapangidwe ka mpweya wachilengedwe wopangidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana ndi kosiyana, ndipo ngakhale kapangidwe ka mpweya wachilengedwe wopangidwa ndi zitsime ziwiri zosiyana m'malo omwewo ndi kosiyana, Ndi kuchuluka kosiyana kwa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yamafuta, kapangidwe ka mpweya wachilengedwe wopangidwa ndi chitsime chomwecho kamasinthanso.
Mpweya wachilengedwe waukulu wa hydrocarbon ndi methane, ndipo ulinso ndi ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane yochepa, heptane ndi mpweya wina wolemera.
Kugawa gasi wachilengedwe
Pali njira zitatu zogawa gasi wachilengedwe
(1) Malinga ndi makhalidwe a mchere, umagawidwa makamaka m'zitsime za gasi ndi mpweya wogwirizana nawo.
Mpweya wogwirizana: umatanthauza mpweya wachilengedwe wolekanitsidwa ndi mafuta osakonzedwa ndi zitsime zamafuta.
Chitsime cha gasi: amatanthauza mpweya wachilengedwe wochokera ku chitsime cha gasi.
(2) Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mpweya wachilengedwe (hydrocarbon) (kutanthauza kuti, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa hydrocarbon yamadzimadzi mu mpweya wachilengedwe), ukhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mpweya wouma, mpweya wonyowa, mpweya wopanda mafuta ndi mpweya wolemera.
Njira yofotokozera C5 — kugawa mpweya wouma ndi wonyowa
Mpweya wouma: umatanthauza mpweya wachilengedwe wokhala ndi madzi ambiri a hydrocarbon pamwamba pa C5 (pentane) ndi kapangidwe kake ndi makhalidwe ake otsika kuposa masentimita 13.5 mu mita imodzi ya kiyubiki ya mpweya wachilengedwe.
Mpweya wonyowa: umatanthauza mpweya wachilengedwe wokhala ndi madzi a hydrocarbon pamwamba pa C5 kuposa masentimita 13.5 mu mita imodzi ya kiyubiki ya mpweya wachilengedwe.
Njira yofotokozera C3 — kugawa mpweya wosauka ndi wolemera
Mpweya wopanda mafuta: umatanthauza mpweya wachilengedwe wokhala ndi madzi a hydrocarbon pamwamba pa C3 osakwana 94 cubic sentimita mu 1 standard cubic mita ya mpweya wachilengedwe.
Mpweya wolemera: umatanthauza mpweya wachilengedwe wokhala ndi madzi a hydrocarbon pamwamba pa C3 kuposa masentimita 94 mu mita imodzi ya kiyubiki ya mpweya wachilengedwe.
(3) Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa asidi, mpweya wachilengedwe ukhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mpweya wa asidi ndi mpweya woyera.
Mpweya wachilengedwe wowawasa: umatanthauza mpweya wachilengedwe wokhala ndi sulfide yambiri, carbon dioxide ndi mpweya wina wowawasa, womwe uyenera kukonzedwa usanafike pa muyezo woyendera mapaipi kapena chizindikiro cha khalidwe la mpweya wa katundu.
Mpweya woyera: umatanthauza mpweya wokhala ndi sulfide yochepa kapena yopanda sulfide, womwe ungatumizidwe kunja ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kuyeretsa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-21-2021