Tamaliza bwino kupanga ndi kutumiza kwa mwambo wopereka mpweya wa methane wochuluka wa 300Nm3 / h ku fakitale yopanga hydrogen ya Sinopec. Pano ndikufuna kupereka mwachidule njira yopangira hydrogen kuchokera ku mpweya wachilengedwe.
Popeza mphamvu zamagetsi zikuchulukirachulukira, kupeza mphamvu zatsopano kwakhala ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Popeza mphamvu zake ndi zomwe zingatheke kwambiri, haidrojeni ili ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, palibe kuipitsidwa kulikonse, mphamvu zake zambiri zosinthira magetsi komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Kupanga haidrojeni kuchokera ku gasi wachilengedwe kungathandize kuchepetsa vuto la mphamvu ku China pamlingo winawake ndikulimbikitsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mphamvu ku China.
Pepalali lidzayang'ana kwambiri mfundo yopangira haidrojeni kuchokera ku gasi lachilengedwe, njira ndi ukadaulo wopangira haidrojeni kuchokera ku gasi lachilengedwe, kugawa ukadaulo wopangira haidrojeni kuchokera ku gasi lachilengedwe komanso kuwerengera ndalama zopangira haidrojeni kuchokera ku gasi lachilengedwe.
1 Mfundo ndi njira ya kupanga haidrojeni kuchokera ku gasi lachilengedwe
1.1Mfundo yopangira haidrojeni kuchokera ku gasi lachilengedwe
Mfundo yaikulu ya njira yopangira haidrojeni ya gasi wachilengedwe ndikuyamba kuyeretsa mpweya wachilengedwe, kenako n’kusintha methane ndi nthunzi kukhala carbon monoxide ndi haidrojeni mu reformer, ndikusintha carbon monoxide kukhala carbon dioxide ndi haidrojeni mu shift tower pambuyo pobwezeretsa kutentha kotayira. Maziko a ukadaulo uwu amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosinthira nthunzi ya gasi wachilengedwe. Mu shift tower, kutentha kwa reaction kumayendetsedwa pamaso pa catalyst, ndipo carbon monoxide mu shift tower imayanjana ndi madzi kuti ipange haidrojeni ndi carbon dioxide.
Pakapanikizika koyenera ndi kutentha, ma alkanes mu mpweya wachilengedwe amakumana ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana za mankhwala kuti apange mpweya wosinthika. Mpweya wosinthika ukadutsa mu chipangizo cha PAS chokhala ndi zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana zoyendetsedwa ndi automatic control, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide ndi zonyansa zina zidzalowetsedwa ndi nsanja yolowetsedwa, ndipo hydrogen idzatumizidwa ku chipangizo chogwiritsa ntchito mpweya kuti itenge zonyansa zomwe zimalowetsedwa. Pambuyo pochotsedwa, mpweya wowunikira ukhoza kutumizidwa ku shift furnace ngati mafuta, ndipo cholowetsedwacho chikhozanso kubwezeretsedwa.
Njira yayikulu yochitira izi ndi iyi:
Mpweya wachilengedwe ndi madzi zimakumana ndi kutentha kwa 800 ~ 900 ℃ ndipo zimathandizira kupanga carbon monoxide ndi hydrogen.
Fomula yoyankhira ndi iyi: CH4 + H2O → CO + H2-Q
Mpweya wa carbon monoxide ndi madzi zimakumana pa kutentha kwa 300-400 ℃ ndi ferric oxide catalyst kuti zipange carbon dioxide ndi hydrogen.
Fomula yoyankhira ndi iyi: CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 + Q
Kuphatikiza apo, zofunikira zaukadaulo pakukonzekera ndi izi:
Kupanikizika nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1.5 ~ 2.5 MPa, ndipo gasi wachilengedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa unit imodzi ndi 0.4 ~ 0.5 m3 / m3 haidrojeni;Nthawi yogwira ntchito: > 8000h;Sikelo ya mafakitale: 1000 m3 / H ~ 100000 m3 / h.
1.2 Njira yopangira mpweya wachilengedwe wa haidrojeni
Njira yopangira haidrojeni ya gasi lachilengedwe imaphatikizapo njira zinayi: kukonza mpweya wodyetsa, kusintha nthunzi ya gasi lachilengedwe, kusintha kwa carbon monoxide ndi kuyeretsa hydrogen.
Gawo loyamba ndi gawo lokonzekera zinthu zopangira. Kukonzekera pano makamaka kumatanthauza kuchotsa sulfur mu mpweya wosaphika. Pa ntchito yeniyeni, mpweya wachilengedwe wa cobalt molybdenum hydrogenation series zinc oxide nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati desulfurizer kuti usinthe sulfure wachilengedwe mu mpweya wachilengedwe kukhala sulfure wosapangidwa kenako n’kuuchotsa. Kuyenda kwa mpweya wosaphika wokonzedwa pano ndi kwakukulu, kotero gwero la mpweya wachilengedwe wokhala ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kapena malire akulu angaganizidwe posankha compressor ya mpweya wachilengedwe.
Gawo lachiwiri ndi kusintha kwa nthunzi ya mpweya wachilengedwe. Chothandizira cha nickel chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu reformer kusintha ma alkanes mu mpweya wachilengedwe kukhala mpweya wodyetsa wokhala ndi zigawo zazikulu za carbon monoxide ndi hydrogen.
Kenako, carbon monoxide imasinthidwa kuti igwirizane ndi nthunzi ya madzi pamaso pa chothandizira kuti ipange haidrojeni ndi carbon dioxide kuti ipange mpweya wosinthira womwe zigawo zake zazikulu ndi haidrojeni ndi carbon dioxide. Malinga ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa kusintha, njira yosinthira carbon monoxide ikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kusintha kwa kutentha kwapakati ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwakukulu. Kutentha kwa kutentha kwakukulu ndi pafupifupi 360 ℃, ndipo njira yosinthira kutentha kwapakati ndi pafupifupi 320 ℃. Ndi chitukuko cha njira zotsutsana ndiukadaulo, njira ziwiri zokhazikitsira kusintha kwa kutentha kwapamwamba ndi kutentha kochepa kwa carbon monoxide zagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zaka zaposachedwa, zomwe zitha kupulumutsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu. Komabe, ngati kuchuluka kwa carbon monoxide mu mpweya wosinthira sikuli kokwera, kusintha kwa kutentha kwapakati kokha ndiko komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Gawo lomaliza ndikuyeretsa haidrojeni. Tsopano njira yoyeretsera haidrojeni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi PAS system, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti PSA purification and separation system. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, njira yosavuta komanso kuyera kwambiri kwa kupanga haidrojeni. Pamwamba kwambiri, kuyera kwa haidrojeni kumatha kufika 99.99%.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-11-2021