Gutunganya imyuka ya hydrogen ikomoka kuri gaze karemano bifite inyungu zo kugabanuka no kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku gipimo cy’ingufu. Ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya rigezweho mu gutunganya imyuka ya hydrogen ikomoka kuri gaze karemano ni garanti y’ingenzi yo gukemura ikibazo cy’isoko rya hydrogen ihendutse. Nk’ingufu nziza kandi zisukuye mu nganda, gaze karemano ifite akamaro kanini mu iterambere ry’ingufu mu Bushinwa. Kubera ko gaze karemano atari lisansi y’ingenzi ku buzima bw’abantu bwa buri munsi gusa, ahubwo ni n’ibikoresho by’ibanze bikomoka ku binyabutabire byinshi.
Gutunganya gazi karemano ni kimwe mu bicuruzwa byinshi bya gazi karemano. Liaohe Oilfield, nk'ikigo cya gatatu kinini cya peteroli na gazi mu Bushinwa, ikungahaye ku mutungo kamere wa gazi, cyane cyane mu bigo bitunganya peteroli na gazi. Mu gikorwa cyo gutunganya peteroli na gazi, dushobora gukora gazi yumye nyinshi, ifite imiterere yihariye yo gutunganya gazi karemano, ifite akamaro kanini mu guteza imbere no gukwirakwiza gazi karemano.
1 Guhitamo no gusesengura inyigisho ku ikorwa rya hydrogen ikomoka kuri gaze karemano
Nk'ibicuruzwa bya kabiri bya shimi, hydrogen ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imiti, imiti myiza, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'amashanyarazi. By'umwihariko, hydrogen, nk'amavuta akunzwe cyane mu mashini zikora lisansi, izaba ifite amahirwe menshi ku isoko mu bijyanye no gutwara abantu no gutanga ingufu mu gihe kizaza, kandi izagira umwanya ukomeye mu miterere y'ingufu mu gihe kizaza. Uburyo gakondo bwo gukora hydrogen, nko guhindura umwuka woroheje wa hydrocarbon, electrolysis y'amazi, gucika kwa methanol, gukwirakwiza gaze y'amakara no gusenya ammonia, birakuze cyane. Ariko, hari ibibazo "bimwe hejuru n'ibindi bibiri biri hasi" nko kugabanuka cyane, umusaruro muke n'ubushobozi buke bw'abakozi. Mu gikorwa cyo gukora peteroli na gazi muri Liaohe Oilfield, hari umutungo wa hydrocarbon nka gazi yumye na naphtha. Gukoresha ubu buryo mu gukora hydrogen bishobora gukoresha neza umutungo. Byongeye kandi, igice kinini cya gazi karemano ijyanye nayo ni methane, ishobora guhindurwa hydrogen n'umwuka wa hydrocarbon, hamwe n'umusaruro mwiza kandi ikora neza cyane.
2. Ihame ry'imikorere yo gukora imyuka ya hydrogen
Inzira z'ingenzi zo gutunganya gazi karemano zirimo kuyungurura umwuka mu kirere no mu cyuma gishyuha, gucikamo ibice, kuvugurura gazi karemano no gukora aromatike. Muri icyo gihe, harimo no gukoresha gazi karemano, kuyikusanya no kuyikwirakwiza no kuyisukura. Mu gihe hari igitutu runaka, ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umusemburo, alkanes n'umwuka muri gazi karemano bikora mu buryo bwa shimi. Gazi ivugurura yinjira mu cyuma gihindura ubushyuhe nyuma yo guhinduranya ubushyuhe muri boiler kugira ngo ihindure CO2 na CO2. Nyuma yo guhinduranya ubushyuhe, gushonga no gutandukanya amazi y'umwuka, gazi inyuzwa mu munara w'umusemburo w'umusemburo ufite ibintu bitatu byihariye biyungurura binyuze mu kugenzura gahunda, maze N2, Co, CH4 na CO2 bigashyirwamo umusemburo no kwinjizwamo umusemburo w'umusemburo (PSA) kugira ngo bikuremo hydrogen. Isesengura ry'umusemburo w'umusemburo rikuraho imyanda kandi rikongera kuvugurura umusemburo w'umusemburo w'umusemburo.
Ifishi y'inyito:
CH4 + H2O → CO + 3H2-q
CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 + Q
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 10-2021