Twarangije neza igikorwa cyo gutanga no gutanga 300Nm3 / isaha ku ruganda rwa Sinopec rukora gaze ya hydrogen ikungahaye kuri methane. Aha ndashaka gutanga ibisobanuro bigufi ku buryo bwo gukora gaze karemano.
Kubera ko ingufu zikoreshwa cyane, gushaka ingufu nshya byabaye igikorwa cy'ingenzi. Nk'ingufu zishobora gukoreshwa cyane, hydrogen ifite amasoko menshi atandukanye, nta mwanda uhumanya ikirere, ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ikirere neza kandi ifite amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa. Ikorwa rya hydrogen riva muri gaze karemano rishobora kugabanya ikibazo cy'ingufu mu Bushinwa ku rugero runaka no guteza imbere impinduka mu miterere y'ingufu mu Bushinwa.
Iyi nyandiko izibanda ku ihame ryo gukora hydrogen muri gaze karemano, inzira n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora hydrogen muri gaze karemano, gushyira mu byiciro ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora hydrogen muri gaze karemano ndetse no kubara ikiguzi cyo gukora hydrogen muri gaze karemano.
1 Ihame n'inzira ya umusaruro wa hydrogen ukomoka kuri gaze karemano
1.1Ihame ryo gukora imyuka karemano ya hydrogen
Ihame ry'uburyo bwo gukora gazi karemano ni ukubanza gutunganya gazi karemano, hanyuma ugahindura methane n'umwuka mo umwuka mo gazi karuboni na hydrogen mu ivugurura, hanyuma uhindure gazi karuboni mo gazi karuboni na hydrogen mu munara w'impinduka nyuma yo kugarura ubushyuhe bw'imyanda. Ishingiro ry'ubu buryo bw'imikorere rikorwa hashingiwe ku ikoranabuhanga ryo guhindura gazi karemano. Mu munara w'impinduka, ubushyuhe bw'impinduka bugenzurwa iyo hari catalyst, naho gazi karuboni mo gazi mu ihindura impyisi igakorana n'amazi ikabyara hydrogen na gazi karuboni.
Mu gihe cy’umuvuduko n’ubushyuhe bikwiye, alkanes muri gaze karemano zizajya zikora ibikorwa bitandukanye bya shimi kugira ngo zikore gaze ihindura ikirere. Nyuma y’uko gaze ihindura ikirere inyuze mu gikoresho cya PAS gifite ibikoresho bitandukanye biyungurura ikirere munsi y’ubuyobozi bwite, monoxide ya karuboni, dioxyde de carbone n’indi myanda bizanyuzwa n’umunara w’iyungurura ikirere, maze hydrogene yoherezwe mu gice gikoresha gaze kugira ngo inyuremo imyanda. Nyuma yo gukurwamo, gaze isesengura ishobora koherezwa mu itanura rikoresha amashanyarazi nk’amavuta, kandi asorbent nayo ishobora kongera kuvugururwa.
Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gusubiza ni ubu bukurikira:
Gazi karemano n'amazi bikora kuri 800 ~ 900 ℃ na nickel oxide catalyst bikabyara monoxide karuboni na hydrogen.
Ifishi y'uburyo bwo gusubiza ni iyi: CH4 + H2O → CO + H2-Q
Monoxide ya karuboni n'amazi bikora kuri 300-400 ℃ hamwe na ferric oxide catalyst kugira ngo bikore dioxyde ya karuboni na hydrogen.
Ifishi y'uburyo bwo gusubiza ni iyi: CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 + Q
Byongeye kandi, ibisabwa mu rwego rwa tekiniki mu gutegura ni ibi bikurikira:
Igitutu muri rusange ni 1.5 ~ 2.5 MPa, kandi ikoreshwa rya gaze karemano ni 0.4 ~ 0.5 m3 / m3 hidrojeni; Igihe cyo gukora: > 8000h; Igipimo cy'inganda: 1000 m3 / H ~ 100000 m3 / h.
1.2 Uburyo bwo gukora imyuka karemano ya hydrogen
Uburyo bwo gukora gazi karemano hifashishijwe hydrogen burimo ahanini inzira enye: gutunganya gazi mbere yo kuyitunganya, guhindura umwuka w’umwuka karemano, guhindura gazi karemano hifashishijwe hydrogen no kuyitunganya.
Intambwe ya mbere ni intambwe yo gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo. Uburyo bwo gutunganya hano ahanini buvuga ku gukuraho gazi mbisi. Mu mikorere nyayo, gaze karemano ya cobalt molybdenum hydrogenation series zinc oxide ikoreshwa muri rusange nk'ikinyabutabire cyo guhindura sulfur organic muri gaze karemano mo sulfur inorganic hanyuma ikayikuraho. Urujya n'uruza rwa gaze karemano ivuwe hano ni runini, bityo isoko ya gaze karemano ifite umuvuduko mwinshi ishobora gukoreshwa cyangwa ingano nini ishobora kwitabwaho mugihe uhitamo compressor ya gaze karemano.
Intambwe ya kabiri ni uguhindura umwuka w’umwuka wa gaze karemano. Kataloge ya nikeli ikoreshwa muri reformer mu guhindura alkanes muri gaze karemano mo gaze y’ibiryo hamwe n’ibice by’ingenzi bya monoksede karubone na hydrogen.
Hanyuma, monoxyde de carbone ihinduka kugira ngo ihuze n'umwuka w'amazi mu gihe hari catalyst kugira ngo ikore hydrogen na dioxyde de carbone kugira ngo haboneke gazi ihindura ibintu bigize gazi hifashishijwe hydrogen na dioxyde de carbone. Dukurikije ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo guhindura ibintu, inzira yo guhindura monxyde de carbone ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: guhindura ubushyuhe buringaniye n'ihinduka ry'ubushyuhe buringaniye. Ubushyuhe bwo guhindura ubushyuhe buringaniye ni hafi 360 ℃, naho inzira yo guhindura ubushyuhe buringaniye ni hafi 320 ℃. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ingamba za tekiniki, inzira y'ibyiciro bibiri yo guhindura monxyde de carbone mu bushyuhe buringaniye n'ihinduka ry'ubushyuhe buringaniye yashyizweho mu myaka ya vuba aha, ishobora gukomeza kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'umutungo. Ariko, ku bijyanye n'uko gazi ihindura monxyde de carbone itari hejuru cyane, ni yo yonyine ishobora gukoreshwa.
Intambwe ya nyuma ni ugusukura hidrojeni. Ubu sisitemu yo gusukura hidrojeni ikoreshwa cyane ni sisitemu ya PAS, izwi kandi nka sisitemu yo gusukura no gutandukanya PSA. Iyi sisitemu ikoresha ingufu nke, uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora kandi ifite isuku nyinshi ya hidrojeni. Ku rugero rwo hejuru, isuku ya hidrojeni ishobora kugera kuri 99.99%.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-11-2021