Gusubirana hydrocarbon yoroheje bivuga inzira yo kugarura ibice biremereye bya gazi karemano ugereranije na methane cyangwa ethane mu buryo bw'amazi. Uruvange rwa propane na butane ruhinduka gazi ya peteroli (LPG), naho ibice biri hejuru ya pentane na pentane bihinduka amavuta yoroheje. inzira yo kugarura hydrocarbon yoroheje Mu by’ukuri ni sisitemu yo kuringaniza gazi n’amazi ifite ibice bibiri. Intego ni ukugenzura aho gazi karemano ituruka kugira ngo ihuze n’ibisabwa mu gutwara gazi karemano. Ibikomoka kuri hydrocarbon y’amazi byagaruwe bishobora gukoreshwa nk’ibicanwa byiza cyangwa ibikoresho fatizo bya shimi, hamwe n’inyungu nyinshi mu bukungu.
Uburyo bwo gukora ibikorwa byo icyuma cyo kugarura hydrocarbon yoroheje mu gihugu no mu mahanga harimo kuyungurura, gukurura amavuta, no gutandukanya ubushyuhe. Muri iki gihe, uburyo bwo gutandukanya ubushyuhe cyangwa ubundi buryo butandukanye bwo gukonjesha bushingiye ahanini ku bushyuhe bukoreshwa. Gazi karemano irahuzwa kugira ngo igarure hydrocarboni z'amazi, kandi uburyo bugizwe ahanini no kuvura gazi mbisi, gukanda, kubura amazi, gukonjesha, no kugarura ubushyuhe. Gukonjesha no kugarura ubushyuhe ni inzira z'ingenzi mu gikorwa cyo kugarura ubushyuhe bw'amazi. Ingufu z'izi nzira zigira uruhare runini mu kunoza umusaruro w'amazi y'urumuri, gukoresha neza ingufu, no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.
Uburyo bwo kwinjiza amavuta ni uburyo bwo gutandukanya hydrocarbon zitandukanye hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye bwo gushonga kw'ibice bitandukanye muri gazi karemano mu mavuta yinjijwe (nka nafta, peteroli, cyangwa mazutu). Ubu buryo bwakoreshejwe cyane mu myaka ya 1950 kugeza mu myaka ya 1960, kandi haracyari ibikoresho bigikoreshwa muri iki gihe, cyane cyane mu gutandukanya gazi isesagura peteroli mu nganda zitunganya peteroli. Amavuta yinjizwa muri rusange akoresha nafta, peteroli, cyangwa mazutu. Uko uburemere bwa molekile bw'amavuta yinjijwe bugabanuka, niko umusaruro wa hydrocarbons zoroheje uba mwinshi, ariko niko amavuta yinjijwe atakaza umwuka mwinshi. Kubwibyo, iyo hakenewe umusaruro mwinshi wa hexane, amavuta yinjizwa afite uburemere buke bwa molekile agomba gukoreshwa muri rusange.
Dukurikije ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo kwinjiza amavuta, uburyo bwo kwinjiza amavuta bushobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: kwinjiza ubushyuhe bw'icyumba, kwinjiza ubushyuhe buringaniye, n'kwinjiza ubushyuhe buri hasi.
Ubushyuhe bwo kwinjiza mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba muri rusange buri hafi ya 30 ℃, hibandwa cyane ku kugarura C3+hydrocarbons zoroheje; Ubushyuhe bwo kwinjiza mu bushyuhe buri hagati buri hejuru ya -20 ℃, kandi umusaruro wa C3 ni hafi 40%; Ubushyuhe bwo kwinjiza mu bushyuhe buri hasi buri hafi ya -40 ℃, naho umusaruro wa C3 muri rusange ni 80% -90%. Muri icyo gihe, 35% -50% bya C2 birashobora kugaruzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 10 Mata 2023