Gazi karemano nk'imyuka ikoreshwa mu kugaburira imyuka igomba gusukurwa neza mbere yo kuyikoresha mu kuyungurura. Ni ukuvuga gukuraho aside, amazi n'imyanda iri muri iyo myuka ikoreshwa mu kugaburira imyuka, nka H2S, CO2, H2O, Hg na hydrocarboni zihumura neza, kugira ngo hirindwe ko zikonjesha ku bushyuhe buke no kuziba no kwangiza ibikoresho n'imiyoboro. Imbonerahamwe ya 3.1-1 igaragaza amahame ngenderwaho mbere yo gutunganya imyuka itunganywa mu ruganda rwa LNG n'ingano ntarengwa y'imyanda.
Imbonerahamwe y'ibipimo ntarengwa byemewe by'imyuka ya LNG
| Umwanda | Umupaka w'ibirimo | Ishingiro |
| H2IKI | 1ppmV | A (byemewe kurenga urugero rw'irangiza ry'ibicuruzwa, nta mbogamizi ku musaruro) |
| CO2 | 50～100ppmV | B (Gushonga kwa nyuma) |
| H2S | ＜4ppmV | C (ibisabwa mu bya tekiniki by'ibicuruzwa) |
| Igiteranyo cy'ibikubiye muri sulfure | 10～50mg/NM3 | C |
| Hg | ＜0.01μg/NM3 | A |
| Hydrocarbon ihumura neza | ≤10ppmV | A cyangwa B |
| Hydrocarbonique zose za naphthenic | ≤10ppmV | A cyangwa B |
Ukurikije amakuru ajyanye n'imyuka ikomoka ku biryo, ingano ya dioxyde de carbone iri mu biryo irenze urugero kandi igomba gutunganywa.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha amazi ya MDEA amine ni bwo buryo bukwiye cyane mu bijyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, ingano y'uburyo bwo kuyitunganya ndetse n'ishoramari n'ikiguzi cyo kuyikoresha. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo gukoresha amazi ya MDEA amine butoranywa mu rwego rwo gukuraho aside muri iyi gahunda.
B) Guhitamo inzira yo kubura amazi mu mubiri
Kuba hari amazi muri gaze karemano akenshi bitera ingaruka zikomeye: mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, amazi na gaze karemano bikora hydrate kugira ngo bizibe umuyoboro kandi bigira ingaruka ku buryo bwo gukonjesha amazi; Byongeye kandi, kuba hari amazi bizanatera ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi ritari ngombwa; Bitewe n'ubushyuhe buke bwa gaze karemano n'uko hari amazi, ibikoresho bizakonjeshwa kandi bigafungwa, bityo bigomba kubura amazi.
Uburyo bwo gukuraho umwuka mubi muri rusange burimo ibyiciro bitatu: gukuraho amazi mubihe biri hasi, kongeramo umwuka mubi no kwinjiza umwuka mubi. Gutandukanya umwuka mubi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kwirinda amazi mubihe ubushyuhe bwa gazi karemano buri hasi. Ariko, ubushyuhe buke bwemerera ni buke kandi ntibushobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu gusohora umwuka mubi; Gukuramo umwuka mubi muri rusange birimo aside ikomeye (ubusanzwe aside organic nka aside phosphoric), glycol (ikoreshwa cyane muri TEG), nibindi, ariko ubu buryo bufite ubujyakuzimu buke kandi ntibushobora gukoreshwa mu bice bikoresha amazi; Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukuraho amazi mubi muri desiccant ikomeye ni uburyo bwa silica gel, uburyo bwa molecular sieve cyangwa uburyo bwo guhuza ubwo buryo bubiri.
Uburyo bwo kunyuza umwuka mu buryo bukomeye bugomba gukoreshwa mu kunyuza umwuka mu buryo busanzwe. Kubera ko urushundura rwa molekile rufite ibyiza byo guhitamo neza uburyo runyuza umwuka mu buryo busanzwe, imiterere yarwo yo kunyuza umwuka mu buryo bwinshi mu gihe cy’umwuka muke w’amazi ndetse no gukuraho umwuka usigaye wa aside, urushundura rwa molekile rwa 4A rukoreshwa nk’urushundura rwo kunyuza umwuka mu buryo busanzwe muri ubu buryo.
C) Guhitamo uburyo bwo gukuraho mercure
Kuri ubu, hari inzira ebyiri z'ingenzi zo gukuraho mercure: Uburyo bwo gukoresha HgSIV molekile sieve adsorption bwa sosiyete ya UOP muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika hamwe na sulfure iterwa na carbon activated kugira ngo mercure ikoreshwe na sulfure ikore mercure sulfide kandi iyinjize kuri carbon activated. Iya mbere ihenze cyane kandi ikwiriye ibihe bifite mercure nyinshi; Iya nyuma ihenze cyane kandi ikwiriye ibihe bifite mercure nke.
Ku ruhande rumwe, ikiguzi cyo gukoresha urusenda rwa HgSIV ni kinini cyane; ku rundi ruhande, ingano ya mercure iri mu mwuka ukoreshwa muri urwo ruganda ni ntoya cyane. Kubwibyo, ikigo gifite uburambe bwiza mu gukoresha karubone ikoreshwa muri sulfure mu gukuraho mercure.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama 14-2022