Ni iyihe mirimo ya gaze karemano?

Gazi karemano ni imwe mu mavuta yizewe, ishobora gukoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi; Ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo bya shimi; Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa cyane mu mashyiga ya gazi y'abaturage n'ay'ubucuruzi, mu byuma bishyushya amazi, mu gushyushya no gukonjesha, ndetse no mu gukora impapuro, mu byuma, mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, mu byuma bicukurwamo amabuye y'agaciro, mu bibumbano, mu birahuri no mu zindi nganda, ndetse no mu gutwika imyanda, kumisha no kugabanya amazi.
Uruhare rwa gaze karemano ni uru rukurikira:
1. Gazi karemano ishobora gukoreshwa mu ikoreshwa rya gazeImyanda iva mu nganda zikora amashanyarazi zikoresha gaze ikoreshwa na gaze karemano iri hasi cyane ugereranyije n’inganda zikoresha amakara n’izikoresha peteroli, kandi imikorere y’amashanyarazi ni myinshi, ikiguzi cyo kubaka kiri hasi, kandi umuvuduko wo kubaka urihuta cyane.
2. Gazi karemano ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo bya shimi. Ishami rikora imiti irimo gazi karemano nk'ibikoresho fatizo rifite ibyiza byo gushora imari nke, gukoresha ingufu nke, gukoresha ubutaka bike, abakozi bake, kurengera ibidukikije neza no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuyikoresha.
3. Gazi karemano ikoreshwa cyane mu ziko rya gazi zikoreshwa mu buryo bwa gisivili n’ubw’ubucuruzi, mu byuma bishyushya amazi, mu byuma bishyushya no mu byuma bikonjesha, ndetse no mu gukora impapuro, mu byuma, mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, mu byuma bikoreshwa mu bumba, mu birahuri no mu zindi nganda, ndetse no mu gutwika, kumisha no kugabanya amazi.
4. Ibyuka bya monoxide ya karuboni, oxyde azote na hydrocarbone byo mu binyabiziga bya gaze karemano biri hasi cyane ugereranyije n'ibinyabiziga bya lisansi na mazutu. Ntibikusanya karuboni, ntibishira, kandi bifite ikiguzi gito cyane cyo gukora. Ni ibinyabiziga bibungabunga ibidukikije.
Gazi karemano ni isoko y'ingufu z'ingenzi kandi ni lisansi nziza. Igice cy'ingenzi cya gaze karemano ni methane, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'amavuta cyangwa ibikoresho fatizo mu gukora karuboni black, amoniya y'ubukorikori, methanol, acetylene, nibindi; Gazi karemano ni ibikoresho fatizo by'agaciro.
Ugereranyije na gaze karemano, LNG ifite ibyiza bikurikira:
① Byoroshye kubibika no kubitwara;
Ubucucike bwa gaze karemano ishongeshejwe bungana inshuro 625 ugereranyije na methane mu buryo busanzwe. Mu yandi magambo, 1m3 LNG ishobora gushyirwamo gaze karemano ya 625m3, ibi bikaba bigaragaza uburyo bworoshye bwo kubika no gutwara.
② Umutekano mwiza;
Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kubika no gutwara gazi karemano ni ugukanda (CNG). Bitewe n'umuvuduko mwinshi wa gazi karemano ikandamizwa, izana ingaruka nyinshi zishobora guteza umutekano muke.
③ Ishoramari rito ritaziguye;
Ubucucike bw'ingufu za gaze karemano zifunze (CNG) ni hafi 26% by'iza lisansi, mu gihe ubucucike bw'ingufu za gaze karemano zifunze (LNG) bungana na 72% by'iza lisansi, bikubye kabiri ugereranyije n'ingufu karemano zifunze (CNG). Kubwibyo, intera y'ibinyabiziga bikoresha gaze karemano ni ndende, ibi bishobora kugabanya cyane umubare w'aho imodoka zishyira lisansi.
④ Ingaruka zo kogosha cyane;
Nk’ibikomoka kuri gazi y’abaturage cyangwa inganda z’amashanyarazi, gazi karemano izagira ihindagurika ry’ibikenewe, ibyo bikaba bisaba ko ikoreshwa ryayo rigabanuka cyane.
⑤ Kurengera ibidukikije;
Gazi karemano igomba gusukurwa neza mbere yo gushonga, bityo ingano y'umwanda muri LNG ikaba iri hasi cyane ugereranyije n'iya CNG, ibyo bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo kohereza imyuka iva mu modoka cyangwa igakoreshwa nk'ibikomoka kuri peteroli kugira ngo yuzuze amahame akomeye (nk' "Euro II" cyangwa ndetse na "Euro III").