Ikamva leGesi yendalo: Izinto ezintsha ekuSusweni kweGesi eneAsidi
Kwiinyanga zakutshanje, ishishini legesi yendalo libone uphuhliso olukhulu, ngakumbi kwicandelo lokususa igesi ene-asidi kwigesi yendalo. Njengoko iimfuno zamandla zehlabathi zisanda kwaye nemithetho yokusingqongileyo iqina, imfuneko yokusebenza ngempumelelo Ukususwa kwe-CO2 kwindalo Igesi ayizange ibe negalelo kangaka. Eli nqaku liphonononga iindlela zamva nje, iziganeko zamva nje, kunye nezibikezelo zemarike zexesha elizayo ezijikeleze ezi nkqubo zibalulekileyo.
Esinye seziganeko eziphawulekayo kushishino sisibhengezo sakutshanje senkampani yamandla ephambili sokuba baphumelele ekuphunyezweni kobuchwepheshe obutsha bokususa igesi ene-asidi. Le ndlela intsha ayigcini nje ngokuphucula ubunyulu begesi yendalo kodwa ikwanciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wekhabhoni ohambelana nokukhutshwa kwayo. Le teknoloji isebenzisa izisombululo ze-amine eziphambili ezikhethayo ukufunxa i-CO2 kunye ne-hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nto leyo eyenza ukuba kube yinto etshintsha izinto kwiinkampani ezifuna ukuthobela imithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo.
Ngaphezu koko, imakethi yokutsalwa kwe-helium iphinda ivele, iqhutywa kukwanda kwemfuno ye-helium kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya imifanekiso yezonyango kunye ne-elektroniki. Ukudibana kotsalwa kwe-helium kunye nokususwa kwegesi ye-asidi kubaluleke kakhulu. Njengoko amasimi egesi yendalo esetyenziswa kwi-helium, ukususwa kwegesi ye-asidi ngaxeshanye kuba yimfuneko ukuqinisekisa umgangatho we i-helium ekhutshiweyoOlu gxininiso lubini alupheleli nje ekwandiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo kodwa lukwahambelana neenjongo zozinzo lweshishini.
Ukujonga phambili, imakethi yetekhnoloji yokususa igesi ene-asidi kulindeleke ukuba ikhule ngokukhawuleza. Ngokweengxelo zakutshanje, imakethi yehlabathi yokususa i-CO2 kwigesi yendalo kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-$5 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2025. Olu kukhula lukhuthazwa kukwamkelwa okwandayo kwetekhnoloji yokubamba nokugcina ikhabhoni (CCS), eziba yinxalenye yecandelo legesi yendalo. Iinkampani ezityala imali kwezi teknoloji ngoku ziya kufumana ithuba lokukhuphisana kwimeko yamandla eguqukayo.
Ngokombono wam, ikamva legesi yendalo lixhomekeke ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha kunye nokuzinza. Njengoko ihlabathi litshintshela kwimithombo yamandla ecocekileyo, ukukwazi ukususa iigesi ze-asidi ngokufanelekileyo kuya kuba yinto ebalulekileyo. Iinkampani ezibeka phambili ezi teknoloji aziyi kuhlangabezana neemfuno zomthetho kuphela kodwa ziya kutsala abathengi kunye nabatyali-mali abaqaphela indalo.
Ukuqukumbela, inkqubela phambili eqhubekayo ekususweni kwegesi ene-asidi kwigesi yendalo kunye nemarike yokutsalwa kwe-helium ekhulayo inika amathuba abalulekileyo kubadlali beli shishini. Njengoko siqhubeka phambili, kubalulekile ukuba iinkampani zihlale phambili ngokusebenzisa izisombululo ezintsha eziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza. Iminyaka embalwa ezayo iya kuba yinto ebalulekileyo kwishishini legesi yendalo, kwaye abo bamkela olu tshintsho ngokuqinisekileyo baya kuchuma kwimeko yokhuphiswano.
Ngokugxila kwezi ndawo zibalulekileyo, sinokuqinisekisa ikamva elicocekileyo nelizinzileyo legesi yendalo, ngelixa sikwasebenzisa imfuno ekhulayo ye-helium kunye nezinye izixhobo ezixabisekileyo. Njengoko umdla wokususwa kwegesi ene-asidi uqhubeka ukhula, silindele ukuba eli nqaku liza kutsala iindwendwe ezingama-200-300 ezinomdla wokuqonda iindlela zamva nje kunye nobuchwepheshe kweli candelo libalulekileyo.