Ikusasa Legesi Yemvelo: Izinto Ezintsha Ekususweni Kwegesi Ene-asidi
Ezinyangeni zakamuva nje, imboni yegesi yemvelo ibone intuthuko ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wokususa igesi ene-asidi kugesi yemvelo. Njengoba izidingo zamandla omhlaba wonke zikhuphuka kanye nemithethonqubo yezemvelo iqina, isidingo sokusebenza ngempumelelo Ukususwa kwe-CO2 emvelweni Igesi ayikaze ibe yisikhuthazo kangaka. Lesi sihloko sihlola izitayela zakamuva, izehlakalo zakamuva, kanye nezibikezelo zemakethe zesikhathi esizayo ezizungeze lezi zinqubo ezibalulekile.
Esinye sezenzakalo eziphawuleka kakhulu embonini kwaba isimemezelo sakamuva senkampani ehamba phambili yamandla sokuthi basebenzise ngempumelelo ubuchwepheshe obusha bokususa igesi ene-asidi. Le ndlela entsha ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ubumsulwa begesi yemvelo kodwa futhi inciphisa kakhulu umthelela wekhabhoni ohambisana nokukhishwa kwayo. Ubuchwepheshe busebenzisa izixazululo ze-amine ezithuthukisiwe ezikhetha ngokukhetha ukumunca i-CO2 ne-hydrogen sulfide (H2S), okwenza kube yinto eshintsha izinto ezinkampanini ezifuna ukuhambisana nemithetho eqinile yezemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imakethe yokukhishwa kwe-helium ibhekene nokuvuselelwa, okubangelwa ukwanda kwesidingo se-helium ezisetshenziswayo ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezithombe zezokwelapha kanye ne-elekthronikhi. Ukuhlangana kokukhishwa kwe-helium kanye nokususwa kwegesi ye-asidi kuphawuleka kakhulu. Njengoba amasimu egesi yemvelo esetshenziswa ukuthola i-helium, ukususwa kwamagesi e-asidi ngasikhathi sinye kuba yinto ebalulekile ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ye i-helium ekhishweLokhu kugxila okubili akugcini nje ngokukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinsiza kodwa futhi kuhambisana nemigomo yokuzinza kwemboni.
Uma sibheka phambili, imakethe yobuchwepheshe bokususa igesi ene-asidi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule kakhulu. Ngokusho kwemibiko yakamuva, imakethe yomhlaba wonke yokususa i-CO2 kugesi yemvelo kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-$5 billion ngo-2025. Lokhu kukhula kukhuthazwa ukwanda kokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe bokubamba nokugcina ikhabhoni (CCS), obuba yingxenye ebalulekile yomkhakha wegesi yemvelo. Izinkampani ezitshala imali kulezi zobuchwepheshe manje cishe zizothola ithuba lokuncintisana emkhakheni wamandla oguqukayo.
Ngombono wami, ikusasa legesi yemvelo lisekuqanjweni nasekuzinzeni. Njengoba umhlaba uguqukela emithonjeni yamandla ehlanzekile, ikhono lokususa amagesi e-asidi ngempumelelo lizobaluleka kakhulu. Izinkampani ezibeka phambili lobu buchwepheshe ngeke zihlangabezane nezidingo zomthetho kuphela kodwa futhi zizokhanga abathengi nabatshalizimali abaqaphela imvelo.
Ekuphetheni, intuthuko eqhubekayo ekususweni kwegesi ene-asidi kugesi yemvelo kanye nemakethe yokukhishwa kwe-helium ekhulayo inikeza amathuba abalulekile kubadlali bemboni. Njengoba siqhubekela phambili, kubalulekile ukuthi izinkampani zihlale phambili ngokusebenzisa izixazululo ezintsha ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusimama. Iminyaka embalwa ezayo izoba yinto ebalulekile embonini yegesi yemvelo, futhi labo abamukela lezi zinguquko ngokungangabazeki bazochuma endaweni yokuncintisana.
Ngokugxila kulezi zindawo ezibalulekile, singaqinisekisa ikusasa elihlanzekile nelizinzile legesi yemvelo, ngenkathi futhi sizuza esidingweni esikhulayo se-helium kanye nezinye izinsiza ezibalulekile. Njengoba intshisekelo yokususwa kwegesi ene-asidi iqhubeka nokukhula, silindele ukuthi lesi sihloko sizoheha izivakashi ezingu-200-300 ezifisa ukuqonda izitayela zakamuva kanye nobuchwepheshe kulo mkhakha obalulekile.