Ahazaza ha Gazi Kamere: Udushya mu Gukuraho Gazi Ikomoka ku Aside

Mu mezi ashize, inganda zikora imyuka karemano zabonye iterambere rikomeye, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Uko ingufu zisabwa ku isi ziyongera n'amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije akarushaho gukomera, ni ko hakenewe uburyo bwo gukora neza. Kuvana CO2 mu binyabuzima Gazi ntiyigeze irushaho kuba nziza cyane. Iyi nkuru irasuzuma ibigezweho, ibintu biherutse kuba, n'ibizavugwa ku isoko mu gihe kizaza bijyanye n'iyi mikorere y'ingenzi.

Kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi byabaye mu nganda ni itangazo riherutse gutangazwa n’ikigo gikomeye gishinzwe ingufu ko cyashyize mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gukuraho aside gaze. Ubu buryo bushya ntibutuma gazi karemano isukura gusa ahubwo bunagabanya cyane karubone ikoreshwa mu kuyikuramo. Iri koranabuhanga rikoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo gupima amine mu buryo bwihariye gukurura CO2 na hydrogen sulfide (H2S), bigatuma biba impinduka nziza ku bigo bishaka kubahiriza amategeko akaze agenga ibidukikije.

Byongeye kandi, isoko ryo gukuramo heliyumu ririmo kongera kuzamuka, bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ikenerwa rya heliyumu mu bikorwa bitandukanye, harimo no gukoresha amashusho mu buvuzi no mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga. Guhuza gukuramo heliyumu no gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ni ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane. Uko imyuka karemano ikoreshwa mu gukuramo heliyumu, gukuraho imyuka ihumanya icyarimwe biba ngombwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ubuziranenge bw’imyuka ihumanya ikirere. heliyumu yakuwemoIyi ntego ebyiri ntiyongera gusa mu mikoreshereze y'umutungo ahubwo inajyana n'intego z'inganda zo kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Mu gihe urebye imbere, isoko ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere ryitezweho kwiyongera cyane. Nk’uko raporo ziherutse kubigaragaza, isoko mpuzamahanga ryo gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere (CO2) muri gaze karemano riteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 5 z’amadolari mu 2025. Iri zamuka riterwa inkunga n’ikoranabuhanga rikomeje kwiyongera ryo gufata no kubika karubone (CCS), ririmo kuba ingenzi mu rwego rwa gaze karemano. Amasosiyete ashora imari muri ubu ikoranabuhanga ashobora kubona amahirwe yo guhangana n’ingufu mu iterambere ry’ingufu.

Mu bitekerezo byanjye, ahazaza ha gaze karemano hashingiye ku guhanga udushya no ku busugire bw'ibidukikije. Uko isi igenda ihinduka ikajya ku masoko y'ingufu zisukuye, ubushobozi bwo gukuraho gaze zikomoka kuri aside buzaba ingenzi cyane. Ibigo bizashyira imbere ubu buhanga ntibizakurikiza gusa ibisabwa n'amategeko, ahubwo bizanakurura abaguzi n'abashoramari bita ku bidukikije.

Mu gusoza, iterambere rikomeje mu gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere muri gaze karemano ndetse n'isoko ry'izamuka ry'ingufu za helium ritanga amahirwe akomeye ku bakora mu nganda. Uko tugenda dutera imbere, ni ngombwa ko amasosiyete akomeza kuba imbere mu gukoresha ibisubizo bishya byongera imikorere myiza no kurambye. Imyaka mike iri imbere izaba ingenzi ku nganda zikora gaze karemano, kandi abemera izi mpinduka nta gushidikanya ko bazatera imbere mu rwego rwo guhangana.

Twibanda kuri izi ngingo z'ingenzi, dushobora kwemeza ahazaza heza kandi harambye kuri gaze karemano, ariko tunabyaza umusaruro ubwiyongere bw'ubukene bwa heliyumu n'indi mitungo y'agaciro. Mu gihe ubushake bwo gukuraho gaze ikomoka kuri aside bukomeje kwiyongera, twiteze ko iyi nkuru izakurura abantu hagati ya 200 na 300 bashishikajwe no gusobanukirwa ibigezweho n'ikoranabuhanga muri uru rwego rw'ingenzi.