Udindo waukulu wosintha wa zomera zothira madzi a LNG (1)
Mu dziko lomwe likusintha mofulumira mphamvu, zomera zothira madzi a gasi wachilengedwe (LNG) zikufunikira kwambiri, makamaka pankhani ya kuchotsa heliamu. Zomwe zachitika posachedwapa mu gawo la mphamvu zawonetsa kufunika kwakukulu kwa malowa, osati kokha chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yopereka mphamvu zoyera, komanso kuthekera kwawo kopezanso zinthu zamtengo wapatali monga helium.
Mikangano yaposachedwa yandale za dziko ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu zomwe zikuchitika kwapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwakukulu kwa LNG. Mayiko akufunafuna kusinthasintha magwero awo a mphamvu, ndipo LNG yakhala chisankho chomwe chimakondedwa chifukwa cha mpweya wake wochepa wa carbon kuposa mafuta achikhalidwe. Malinga ndi International Energy Agency (IEA), msika wapadziko lonse wa LNG ukuyembekezeka kukula pamlingo wokulirapo pachaka (CAGR) woposa 10% kuyambira 2023 mpaka 2030. Kukula kumeneku kwapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri m'mafakitale atsopano opangira madzi a LNG, omwe ndi ofunikira kuti akwaniritse kufunikira komwe kukukula.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zikulonjeza kwambiri ndi kuphatikiza njira zochotsera helium mu Zomera zothira madzi a LNGHelium ndi chuma chosasinthika chomwe chikufunidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana apamwamba monga chisamaliro chaumoyo, ndege, ndi zamagetsi. Njira yopezera ma NGL (zakumwa za gasi wachilengedwe) kuchokera ku gasi wachilengedwe sikuti imangotulutsa ma hydrocarbon amtengo wapatali komanso imathandizira kubwezeretsa helium. Phindu lowirili limawongolera kulimba kwachuma kwa mafakitale a LNG, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikopa kwambiri kwa osunga ndalama.
Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikitsa njira zamakono zoyendetsera mayunitsi ochepetsa madzi m'thupi ndi mayunitsi ochotsera mpweya wa asidi M'malo amenewa ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti njira yotulutsira madzi m'thupi igwire bwino ntchito. Mayunitsi ochotsera madzi m'thupi amachotsa bwino nthunzi ya madzi kuchokera ku mpweya wachilengedwe, kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wachilengedwe ukukwaniritsa zofunikira pakumwa madzi. Pakadali pano, mayunitsi ochotsa mpweya wa asidi amathandiza kuyeretsa mtsinje wa mpweya, womwe ndi wofunikira kwambiri pakubwezeretsa helium. Pamene ukadaulo ukupitilira kupita patsogolo, mayunitsi awa akukhala ogwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafakitale a LNG akumwa madzi apindule kwambiri.
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