Uruganda rukora amazi ya LNG rufite ubushobozi bwo kuyahinduramo amazi rwa MMSCFD rufite ubushobozi bwo kuyahinduramo amazi n'uruganda rukora amazi ya LNG

Gazi karemano ishongeshejwe (LNG) ni gaze karemano, ahanini ikoreshwa mu gukonjesha methane, yakonjeshejwe ikagera mu buryo bw'amazi kugira ngo yorohereze kandi igire umutekano mu kubika no gutwara. Ifata hafi 1/600 cy'ingano ya gaze karemano mu buryo bw'umwuka. Dutanga inganda zitunganya gaze karemano mu buryo buciriritse (mini) no mu bunini. Ubushobozi bw'inganda bugera kuri toni 13 kugeza ku zirenga 200 ku munsi z'umusaruro wa gaze (18.000 kugeza 300.000 Nm3/d). Gazi igaburira: ● Imbuga za gaze zidafite aho zihuriye ● Gazi ijyanye / ishyushye ● Biogaz ● Gazi y'imiyoboro Uruganda rwuzuye rutunganya gaze rugizwe n'uburyo butatu: sisitemu yo gutunganya, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho na sisitemu y'ibikoresho. Dukurikije amasoko atandukanye y'umwuka, irashobora guhindurwa. Dukurikije imiterere nyayo y'isoko rya gaze, dukoresha inzira nziza kandi ihendutse cyane kugira ngo duhuze n'ibikenewe bitandukanye by'abakiriya. Ibikoresho bishyirwa ku rubura bituma gutwara no gushyiramo byoroha. 1. Sisitemu yo gutunganya gazi karemano ishyirwamo umuvuduko nyuma yo kuyungurura, gutandukanya, kugenzura umuvuduko no gupima, hanyuma ikinjira muri sisitemu yo gutunganya gazi karemano. Nyuma yo gukuraho CO2, H2S, Hg, H2O na hydrocarboni zikomeye, yinjira mu gasanduku gakonjesha. Hanyuma ikonjeshwa mu gikoresho gihindura ubushyuhe, igasubirwamo umwuka nyuma yo gushonga, hanyuma igakonjeshwa, igashyirwa ku gikoresho gishyushya, hanyuma amaherezo, igice cy'amazi cyatandukanyijwe cyinjira mu gikoresho cyo kubika LNG nk'ibicuruzwa bya LNG. Imbonerahamwe y'urusobe rw'uruganda rwa LNG rufite skid ni iyi ikurikira: Sisitemu yo gutunganya uruganda rwa LNG rugizwe na: ● Gushungura, gutandukanya, kugenzura umuvuduko no gupima; ● Igice cyo gushyiramo umwuka mu gikoresho ● Igice cyo gutunganya mbere (harimo gukuraho aside, gukuraho amazi mu mubiri no gukuraho hydrocarboni nyinshi, gukuraho mercure n'umukungugu); ● Igice cyo gupima MR n'igice cyo gukanda MR; ● Igice cyo gukamura LNG (harimo n'igice cyo gukuraho aside); 1.1 Ibiranga sisitemu yo gutunganya 1.1.1 Igice cyo gutunganya gazi yo mu bwoko bwa Feed Gas Uburyo bwo gutunganya gazi yo mu bwoko bwa Feed Gas bugira ibi bikurikira: ● Gukuraho aside hakoreshejwe umuti wa MDEA bifite akamaro ko gusohora ifuro rito, kwangirika gake no gutakaza amine nke. ● Gukoresha molekile mu gice cyo kunyweramo amazi menshi, kandi biracyafite inyungu nyinshi yo kongeramo amazi nubwo haba hari umwuka muke w’amazi. ● Gukoresha molekile iterwa na sulfur kugira ngo ukureho mercure birahendutse mu giciro. Mercure ikorana na sulfur kuri molekile iterwa na sulfur kugira ngo ikore sulfide ya mercure, iterwa na mercure kugira ngo igere ku ntego yo gukuraho mercure. ● Ibintu byo kuyungurura neza bishobora kuyungurura molekile n’umukungugu wa carbonique uri munsi ya 5μm. 1.1.2 Igice cyo gutunganya gazi no gukonjesha Uburyo bwatoranijwe bwo gutunganya gazi yo mu bwoko bwa Feed Gas ni MRC (ivanze na frigo) firigo, ikaba ari ikoreshwa ry’ingufu nke. Ubu buryo bufite ikoreshwa ry’ingufu nke mu buryo bukoreshwa mu gukonjesha, bigatuma igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa gihangana ku isoko. Igice cyo gupima icyuma gikonjesha ntikigira aho gihuriye n’igice cyo gupima icyuma gikonjesha. Mu gihe cyo gukora, igice cyo gupima icyuma gikonjesha cyongera icyuma gikonjesha ku gice cyo gupima icyuma gikonjesha, bigatuma icyuma gikonjesha gikora neza; Nyuma yuko icyuma gifunze, igice cyo gupima icyuma gishobora kubika icyuma gikonjesha mu gice cy’icyuma gikonjesha gifite umuvuduko mwinshi kitarinze gusohora icyuma gikonjesha. Ibi ntibishobora gusa kuzigama icyuma gikonjesha, ahubwo binagabanya igihe cyo gutangira. Valve zose ziri mu gasanduku gakonjesha zirasukwa, kandi nta flange ihari mu gasanduku gakonjesha kugira ngo bigabanye aho amazi ashobora gusohoka mu gasanduku gakonjesha. 1.2 Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya buri gice S/N Izina ry'igice Ibikoresho by'ingenzi 1 Igice cyo gutandukanya no kugenzura imyuka ikoreshwa mu gushungura, icyuma gipima ubwiyongere bw'amazi, icyuma gipima umuvuduko, icyuma gipima ubwiyongere bw'amazi 2 Igice cyo kuvura mbere y'igihe Igice cyo kugabanya aside Ikigo cyo kugabanya aside Umunara wo kugabanya amazi, icyuma gishyushya, icyuma gikonjesha gazi cyo kuvugurura no gutandukanya gazi n'icyuma gipima amazi Ikigo cyo gukuramo hydrocarbon nyinshi Umunara wo gukuramo no kuyungurura mercury icyuma gikuraho no kuyungurura mercury 3 Igice cyo gukonjesha icyuma gikonjesha, icyuma gihindura ubushyuhe, icyuma gitandukanya, icyuma gipima amashanyarazi 4 Igice cyo gukonjesha icyuma gikonjesha icyuma gikonjesha icyuma gikonjesha icyuma gipima icyuma gikonjesha 5 Igice cyo gushyiramo LNG 6 Igice cyo gusubizamo icyuma 2. Uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikoresho Kugira ngo hagenzurwe neza uburyo ibikoresho byose bikorwa, kandi kugira ngo habeho imikorere myiza kandi yoroshye gukoreshwa no kubungabungwa, uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikoresho bugizwe ahanini na: Sisitemu yo kugenzura ikwirakwizwa (DCS) Sisitemu y'ibikoresho by'umutekano (SIS) Sisitemu yo gupima umuriro n'ingufu (FGS) Televiziyo ifunganye (CCTV) Sisitemu yo gusesengura n'ibikoresho bigezweho (icyuma gipima ubwiyongere bw'amazi, isesengura, thermometer, igipimo cy'umuvuduko) byujuje ibisabwa mu buryo bw'imikorere. Ubu buryo butanga imikorere myiza, gukoresha no gukurikirana, harimo gushaka amakuru y'imikorere, kugenzura imikorere y'ibikoresho, kugenzura imikorere y'ibikoresho, guhuza insinga no gutanga serivisi, gutunganya no kwerekana amakuru mu buryo bw'igihe nyacyo, serivisi y'imigendekere, kwerekana amashusho, serivisi yo kwandika raporo y'imikorere n'indi mirimo. Iyo habaye ikibazo mu gice cy'umusaruro cyangwa sisitemu ya FGS yohereza ikimenyetso cy'intangamugabo, SIS yohereza ikimenyetso cy'insinga kugira ngo ikingire ibikoresho biri aho biri, kandi sisitemu ya FGS imenyesha ishami rishinzwe kuzimya umuriro ryo mu gace ako kanya. 3. Sisitemu y'ibikoresho Iyi sisitemu ikubiyemo ahanini: igikoresho cy'umwuka, icyuma cya azote, icyuma cyo kohereza amavuta y'ubushyuhe, icyuma cy'amazi yakuwemo umunyu n'icyuma gikonjesha amazi. Mu mpera za 2025, Hengzhong yari ifite imishinga 32 ya LNG. Iyi mishinga irimo inganda nto za LNG, Micro LNG, na LNG zifite igipimo cy'amazi kuva kuri 2 kugeza kuri 10 MMSCFD, kandi abakiriya ni Irani, Uburusiya, n'Ubushinwa.